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RUSVM Large Animal Medicine I 2017 > DIC > Flashcards

DIC Flashcards

1
Q

DIC

A

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation

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2
Q

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation

A

Activation of the coagulation system that leads to inappropriate hypercoagulation and secondary hemorrhage

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3
Q

What is Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation secondary to?

A

Sepsis and endotoxemia

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4
Q

Why do Equine have a propensity for Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation?

A

Lower levels of Antithrombin III activity

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5
Q

SIRS

A

Activation of coagulation and vascular endothelial disruption

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6
Q

What are the clinical pathologic abnormalities of Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation?

A

Procoagulant activation
Fibrinolysis activation
Inhibitor consumption
Organ damage

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7
Q

Clinical presentation of DIC during SIRS

A 
Petechiation 
Prolong bleeding following surgical procedure
Gastrointestinal tract 
Spontaneous bleeding 
Rapid death without bleeding
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8
Q

Clinical signs of DIC

A

Hemorrhagic diathesis
epistaxis and hematuria
hemorrhagic tendency after venipuncture
Thromboembolism

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9
Q

What is the most common complication of DIC?

A

Jugular thrombophlebitis

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10
Q

What type of catheter causes less reaction?

A

Polyurethane

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11
Q

How do you diagnose DIC?

A

Platelet count: Thrombocytopenia
Decrease plassma antithrombin or protein C
increase D-dimers

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12
Q

How do you detect coagulation factor consumption?

A

Prolong Prothrombin Time (PT)

Activated partial thromboplastin (aPTT)

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13
Q

What is sensitive for the diagnosis of DIC?

A

AT

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14
Q

D-dimers

A

indicate the amount of fibrin formation within the vasculature

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15
Q

What must be altered to diagnose DIC?

A 
Platelets count
Prolong prothrombin (PT) 
Activated partial thromboplastin (aPTT)
Fibrinogen concentration 
AT activity 
D-diner concentration
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16
Q

How do you detect coagulation factor activation?

A

increase thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT)

17
Q

How do you treat DIC?

A

Control the underlying disease
Anti-microbial therapy
Hetastarch

18
Q

What is the benefit of Hetastarch?

A

Restores endothelial permeability and albumin linking

Reduces platelet activation and subsequent hypercoagulation

19
Q

What is the treatment for the Hypercoagulable phase of DIC?

A

Unfractioned heparin
Low molecular weight heparin
Dalteparine
Enoxaparin

20
Q

What is the detrimental effect of unfractioned heparin?

A

RBC agglutination that can lead to extravascular hemolysis and thrombocyopenia effect

21
Q

Low molecular weight heparin

A

Reduce excessive fibrin deposition

Reduce excessive coagulation consumption

22
Q

What is the treatment for the Hypocoagulable phase of DIC?

A

Plasma transfusion

23
Q

Yunnan Baiyao

A

well known traditional chinese herbal remedy

24
Q

What is Yunnan Baiyao used for?

A

treating hemorrhages and wounds

25
Q

What are the DIC consequences?

A

Hypercoagulation

Fibrin microthrombi deposition in capillaries resulting in hypoxia and MODS/MOF death

26
Q

What is contraindicated in DIC?

A

Antifibrinolytics
Hypertonic saline
Hetastarch

RUSVM Large Animal Medicine I 2017 (5 decks)

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