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A-Level AQA A Psychology - Schizophrenia > Diathesis stress models > Flashcards

Diathesis stress models Flashcards

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1
Q

What does evidence show?

A

There is no single factor that causes schizophrenia and it is unlikely different factors cause schizophrenia indecently as some develop SZ for genetic reasons and some due to drug taking

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2
Q

What is a likely explanation of schizophrenia?

A

Different factors interact so you need a combination of diathesis and stressors which both increase risk hugely

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3
Q

Who created the first diathesis stress model?

A

Methyl

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4
Q

What is Meehl’s diathesis stress model?

A

It is the development of psychodynamic explanation of schizophrenia informed by twin/adoption studies and role of genes

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5
Q

What is the diathesis of Meehl’s model?

A

A ‘schizogene’ is inherited, leading to schizotypal personality and a high vulnerability to stress

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6
Q

What is the stressor of Meehl’s model?

A

Schizophrenogenic mother increases stress and triggers development of schizophrenia

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7
Q

What is the second diathesis stress model?

A

Bleuler and Rosenthal

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8
Q

What is Bleuler and Rosenthal’s diathesis stress model?

A

The psychodynamic approach lost popularity so most researcher believed in a modified version

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9
Q

What is the diathesis of Bleuler and Rosenthal’s model?

A

Genes, which increase vulnerability to stress

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10
Q

What is the stressor of Bleuler and Rosenthal’s model?

A

Environment, such as family dysfunction or life events which trigger development of schizophrenia

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11
Q

What is evidence of Bleuler and Rosenthal’s model?

A

Tiernari

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12
Q

What was Tiernari’s study?

A

He used adoptees and measured genetic vulnerability with schizophrenia in the biological family, and environmental vulnerability with dysfunction parenting

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13
Q

How wad environmental vulnerability measured?

A

Criticism, hostility and low empathy

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14
Q

What was the percentage of those with low genetic risk and low dysfunctional parenting who had schizophrenia?

A

3.5%

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15
Q

What was the percentage of those with low genetic risk and high dysfunctional parenting with schizophrenia?

A

7%

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16
Q

What was the percentage of those with high genetic risk and low dysfunctional parenting who had schizophrenia?

A

7.5%

17
Q

What was the percentage of those with high genetic risk and high dysfunctional parenting who had schizophrenia?

A

34%

18
Q

How does Tienari’s study support the new model?

A

Genes and family stressors interact, when one factor is present there is only a small increase in risk and when both are present there is a large increase in risk

19
Q

What does Tiernari’s study support?

A

The claim that there is an interaction between genetics and environment

20
Q

What is the diathesis of the modern model?

A

Early factors

21
Q

What are early factors?

A

Genes, abuse and pre-natal factors which increase vulnerability to stress

22
Q

What are the stressors of the modern diathesis stress model?

A

Later factors

23
Q

What are later factors?

A

Family factors, life stressors and drugs which trigger development of schizophrenia

24
Q

What is evidence for the modern model?

A

Houston

25
Q

What was Houston’s experiment?

A

Measured whether particapnts had experienced sexual trauma, used cannabis before 16 and whether they had developed psychosis

26
Q

What was the percentage of participants who hadn’t use cannabis and has no sexual trauma with symptoms of psychosis?

A

0.5%

27
Q

What was the percentage of participants who had used cannabis and has no sexual trauma with symptoms of psychosis?

A

0.6%

28
Q

What was the percentage of participants who hadn’t use cannabis and has sexual trauma with symptoms of psychosis?

A

2.2%

29
Q

What was the percentage of participants who had used cannabis and has sexual trauma with symptoms of psychosis?

A

12%

30
Q

How does Houston’s study support the modern version of the diathesis stress model?

A

Sexual trauma and cannabis interact, supporting claim that there is an interaction between early and later factors

31
Q

What is the importance of adopting an interactionist approach to explaining schizophrenia?

A

Can help implications or treatment, as if schizophrenia has multiple causes, it may need multiple treatments which each target different elements of the cause

A-Level AQA A Psychology - Schizophrenia (6 decks)

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