diarthroses Flashcards
what is diarthrosis also referred as
synovial joints
what is the movement of a synovial joint dependent on
the shape
descrbe diarthrosis regarding movement
they permit moderate to extensive movement
what is in the cavity that diarthrosis posses
synovial fluid
give an example of diarthrosis joints
tibiofemoral joint, apophyseal facet joint of the spine, the glenohumeral joint
what are the 7 shapes of diarthrosis/synovial joints
hinge, pivot, ellipsoid, ball and socket, plane, saddle, condyloid
what are the 7 elements that synovial joints must have
membrana fibrosa, ligaments, art. cartilage, synovial fluid, vascularisation, innervation, synovial membrane
what are some elements that synovial joints could potentially have
variability in the synovial membrane, labrum, meniscus, fat pads
what is the purpose of membrana fibrosa
consists of connective tissue that gives stability to the joint
what is the purpose of ligaments in synovial joints
sometimes connect into the membrana fibrosa
articular cartilage is present on one joint parrtner, true/ false?
false. art. cartilage is present on both joint partners
what is the small layer of epithelial tissue called in synovial joints?
synovial membrane
what is the purpose of the synovial membrane
synovial fluid production
the art. Cartilage only goes as farther then the synovial membrane but the joint capsule cant extend a bit more, true or false?
false
the art. Cartilage only goes as far as the synovial membrane but the joint capsule can extend a bit more
are the joint capsule and the synovial membrane’s blood vessels very well vascularised?
yes
why is the joint capsule and synovial joint richly innervated
mainly for the purpose of proprioception meaning the joint gives intell to the brain about which position it stands and which position its moving
what variability is a recesses in a synovial membrane
its a hollow indentation which enlarges the surface area of the capsule that allows for a greater range of movement within the joint)
what variability is a a bursa synovialis in a synovial membrane
its an enclosed pouch of the synovial joint which decreases friction between 2 bones
what variability is a Villi synovialis and plica synovialis in a synovial membrane?
the fibrous membrane remains at a normal distance but the synovial membrane changes the surface area which increases the surface area of the synovial membrane thus increasing synovial fluid production
what is a labrum
the labrum is a cartilaginous extension of the joint which gives more stability and surface area
what is the purpose of a meniscus in synovial joints
increases stability and range of motion as it does in the knee joint
what is the purpose of fat pads in synovial joints?
besides storing fat as an energy source they also buffer forces and decreases friction
what does functional degrees of freedom mean?
how far the joint can move in all 3 directions and whether the connective tissue might restrict or enhance the movement of the joint
what is ligamentous restriction?
a joint is restricted by ligaments and if forced in a certain direction and the joint cant move any further the ligament would rupture causing tissue damage.
