Diarrhoea and constipation Flashcards
consequences of diarrhoea?
dehydration (Na/h2o loss)
metabolic acidosis (HCO3 loss)
hypokalaemia (K loss)
basic solution for rehydration therapy?
6tsp glucose, 0.5 tsp salt in 1l of water
lifestyle advice for diarrhoea?
stay hydrated, dilute better than water
reintroduce simple foods gradually
avoid greasy, spicy or acidic foods
how do anti-motility agents help diarrhoea?
inhibit enteric neurons
decreased peristalsis
increase in fluid absorption
lifestyle advice for constipation?
more water/less alcohol
eat more fibre
increase exercise/ activity
improve toilet routine
4 types of laxative?
bulk laxatives
osmotic laxatives
stool softeners
stimulants
what is triple therapy for H.pylori infection?
PPI and 2 antibacterials (amoxicillin and clarithromycin OR metronidazole)
what is Cl secretion like when CFTR is closed?
little secretion
what happens when CFTR is activated?
generation of 2nd messengers cAMP, cGMP and Ca2+
what happens when channel is opened?
Cl- secretion causes Na+/H2O secretion = secretory diarrhoea
4 causes of diarrhoea?
- excessive secretion
- impaired absorption of NaCl
- non-absorbable/ poorly absorbable solutes
- hypermotility
common cause of secretory diarrhoea?
E coli
why would there be an impaired absorption of NaCl?
congenital defects
infection
inflammation and destruction of epithelium
what is primary lactase deficiency?
lack of LP allele
what is secondary lactase deficiency?
damage/ infection of proximal small intestine
