Diaphragm ( Handout ) Flashcards by J Santisteban

Double-domed and serves as a musculocutaneous partition

Diaphragm

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Separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities

Diaphragm

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Parts of the diaphragm

Muscular part and

Central tendon

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Serves as the chief muscle for inspiration

Diaphragm

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Which is higher,

Right dome or Left dome?

Right dome

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Superior surface of diaphragm
A. Convex
B. Concave

A. Convex

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Inferior surface of the diaphragm
A. Convex
B. Concave

B. Concave

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Aponeurotic tendon of all muscular fibers of the diaphragm that lies near the center of the diaphragm

Central tendon

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The central tendon resembles?

Cloverleaf

- with 3 leaves

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What perforates the central tendon?

Caval opening

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The muscular part of the diaphragm is divided into ___ parts based on peripheral attachments

3 parts

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What are the three parts of the muscular part of the diaphragm?

Sternal
Costal
Lumbar

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Muscular part of the diaphragm:
Has 2 muscular slips that attach to the posterior xiphoid process
A. Sternal
B. Costal
C. Lumbar

A. Sternal

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Where does the muscular slips of the sternal part of the diaphragm attaches to?

Xiphoid process

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Muscular part of the diaphragm:
Has wide muscular slips and forms the R & L domes
A. Sternal
B. Costal
C. Lumbar

B. Costal

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Muscular part of the diaphragm:
Attaches to the internal surfaces of the inferior six costal cartilages and ribs
A. Sternal
B. Costal
C. Lumbar

B. Costal

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Muscular part of the diaphragm:
Arises from the medial and lateral arcuate ligaments and 3 superior lumbar vertebrae
A. Sternal
B. Costal
C. Lumbar

C. Lumbar

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Muscular part of the diaphragm:
Forms the R & L crura
A. Sternal
B. Costal
C. Lumbar

C. Lumbar

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Musculotendinous bundles of the diaphragm

Crura

- right and left

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The crura arises from what structures

Superior 3 lumbar vertebrae
Anterior longitudinal ligament
IV Discs

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Larger and longer and forms the R & L sides of the esophageal hiatus
A. Right crura
B. Left crura

A. Right crura

Arises from the first 3 or 4 lumbar vertebra

A. Right crura
B. Left crura

A. Right crura

The right crura arises from?

First 3 or 4 lumbar vertebra

Lies to the left of midline

A. Right crura
B. Left crura

B. Left crura

Arise from the first 2 or 3 Lumbar vertebra A. Right crura B. Left crura

B. Left crura

The Left crura arises from?

First 2 or 3 lumbar vertebra

The lateral and medial arcuate ligaments are also known as?

Lumbosacral arches

What are the two impt ligaments also known as the lumbosacral arches

Lateral and medial arcuate ligment

Upper thickened border of the psoas fascia A. Medial arcuate ligament B. Lateral arcuate ligament

A. Medial

Lies between the body of the 2nd lumbar ad tip of the transverse process of the 1st lumbar A. Medial arcuate ligament B. Lateral arcuate ligament

A. Medial

Extends from the tip of the transverse process of the 1st lumbar vertebra to the lower border of the 12th rib A. Medial arcuate ligament B. Lateral arcuate ligament

B. Lateral

What are the three diaphragmatic apertures?

Caval opening Esophageal hiatus Aortic hiatus

Opening of the central tendon A. Caval opening B. Esophageal hiatus C. Aortic hiatus

A. Caval Opening

Located in the muscle of the right crus A. Caval opening B. Esophageal hiatus C. Aortic hiatus

B. Esophageal Hiatus

Opening posterior to the diaphragm A. Caval opening B. Esophageal hiatus C. Aortic hiatus

C. Aortic Hiatus

Lies anterior to the body of the 12th thoracic vertebra between the crura A. Caval opening B. Esophageal hiatus C. Aortic hiatus

C. Aortic hiatus

Transmits the following: IVC, terminal branches of phrenic nerve, lymph vessels A. Caval opening B. Esophageal hiatus C. Aortic hiatus

A. Caval opening

Transmits the following: Esophagus, ante and poste vagal trunks, esophageal branches of the L gastric vessels, lymph vessels A. Caval opening B. Esophageal hiatus C. Aortic hiatus

B. Esophageal hiatus

Transmits the following: Ante and poste vagal trunks and lymph vessels A. Caval opening B. Esophageal hiatus C. Aortic hiatus

B. Esophageal hiatus

Transmits the following: Aorta, thoracic duct, azygos vein, hemiazygos vein A. Caval opening B. Esophageal hiatus C. Aortic hiatus

C. Aortic hiatus

Located between the sternal and costal attachments of the diaphragm

Sternocostal triangle

The sternocostal triangle transmits what structures?

Superior epigastric vessels | Lymphatic vessels

Blood supply of the SUPERIOR surface of the diaphragm

Pericardiacophrenic a Musculophrenic a Superior phrenic a

Blood supply of the INFERIOR surface of the diaphragm

Inferior phrenic a

Venous drainage of the SUPERIOR surface of the diaphragm

Same as blood supply Pericardiacophrenic v Musculophrenic v Superior phrenic v

Venous drainage of the INFERIOR surface of the diaphragm

Same as blood supply | R and L inferior phrenic v

Motor innervation of the diaphragm

R and L phrenic nerves (C3-C5)

Sensory nerve supply of the CENTRAL diaphragm

Phrenic nerves

Sensory nerve supply of the PERIPHERAL diaphragm

Intercostal and subcostal nerves

Condition wherein there is postero-lateral defect on the left diaphragm with life-threatening breathing difficulties

Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia

Protrusion of the stomach into the thorax through the esophageal hiatus

Hiatal hernia