Dialect Theory

Question 1

What is dialect?

Answer 1

The words and grammar that we use

Question 2

Regional dialects are specific to a _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ in the country.

Answer 2

location

Question 3

What is the non-regional dialect in the UK?

Answer 3

Standard English

Question 4

In the manchester dialect, one might say ‘chuddy’ to mean?

Answer 4

Chewing gum

Question 5

In Manchester, someone might use the term ‘pants’ to mean _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Answer 5

trousers

Question 6

What is the name of the theorist who looked at ‘dialect levelling’?

Answer 6

Paul Kerswill

Question 7

Paul Kerswill observed that regional varieties of English are d _ _ _ _ o _ _

Answer 7

dying out

Question 8

Kerswill states that increasing geographical mobility results in greater dialect c _ _ _ _ _ _ between speakers from different regions and so more pressure to use Standard English.

Answer 8

Contact

Question 9

Because increasing social mobility means that tight-knit working-class communities are breaking down, there is less pressure to speak in a r _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ form.

Answer 9

regional

Question 10

In the Surrey dialect, they used the verb ‘bannick’ to mean what?

Answer 10

To beat or thrash

Question 11

In the Surrey dialect, they used the adjective ‘timmersome’ to mean what?

Answer 11

Timid

Question 12

An example of non-standard grammar in the Surrey dialect is?

Answer 12

When they use the non-standard copular verb ‘be’ in ‘how be you?’ instead of ‘how are you’

Question 13

Most Forest of Dean people live in very closed or open networks?

Answer 13

very closed networks

Question 14

The Forest of Dean people have preserved a very d _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ regional variety.

Answer 14

distinctive

Question 15

In the Forest of Dean dialect what does ‘Dree on’t’ mean?

Answer 15

Three of us

Question 16

In the Forest of Dean dialect, what does the term ‘ship’ mean?

Answer 16

Ship; an insult to describe someone who wanders aimlessly around a village.

Question 17

In the Forest of Dean dialect, how do you say ‘How are you, mate?’

Answer 17

How bist dau, butt?

Question 18

In the Forest of Dean dialect, they say ‘How bist dau, butt’ to mean ‘how are you’ - What term can we use for ‘dau’

Answer 18

dau - “thou”, an archaic second person pronoun

Question 19

In the Forest of Dean dialect, they say ‘How bist dau, butt’ to mean ‘how are you’ - What term can we use for ‘bist’

Answer 19

an archaic second person inflection.

Question 20

In the Forest of Dean dialect, they say ‘How bist dau, butt’ to mean ‘how are you’ - What term can we use for ‘butt’

Answer 20

butt - Welsh borrowing

Question 21

Milroy and MIlroy found that because people are moving out of their local area for work, dialect levelling is reducing what?

Answer 21

Regional dialect variation

Question 22

Milroy and Milroy argued that Britain is an increasingly socially _ _ _ _ _ _ society

Answer 22

mobile

Question 23

Milroy and Milroy argued that there is now more pressure to use standard or non standard forms?

Answer 23

Standard forms.

Question 24

Cheshire studied a _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ group of teenagers whom she met in an adventure playground in Reading.

Answer 24

mixed-sex

Question 25

The subjects of Cheshire's Reading Study were all truanting from school and shared a distinctive dress that marked them out from which culture?

Answer 25

mainstream culture

Question 26

Cheshire recorded the speech and identified how many non-standard features?

Answer 26

11

Question 27

Cheshire also measured the _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ of these 11 non-standard features

Answer 27

frequency

Question 28

Cheshire found that the subjects in her study said: "They calls me names." This is an example of what?

Answer 28

non-standard 's' inflection

Question 29

Cheshire found that the subjects in her study said: "You was with me, wasn't you?" - This is an example of what?

Answer 29

Non-standard copular

Question 30

Cheshire found that the subjects in her study said: "You ain't no boss." - This is an example of what?

Answer 30

Multiple negation

Question 31

Cheshire found that which gender used 10 of the 11 features more?

Answer 31

Boys

Question 32

Cheshire also investigated the effects of her subjects' _ _ _ _ _ _ networks on their use of non-standard English.

Answer 32

social

Question 33

Cheshire discovered that there was a _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ correlation between social network and six of the eleven features

Answer 33

Positive

Question 34

Cheshire also discovered that some features (e.g. non-standard 's') were very closely linked to _ _ _ _ _ _

Answer 34

status

Question 35

Cheshire study revealed that which gender used more non-standard forms?

Answer 35

boys

Question 36

Cheshire study revealed that which gender is more affected by social network density?

Answer 36

Boys

Question 37

Cheshire study revealed that there is a link between _ _ _ _ _ _ prestige and some non-standard features.

Answer 37

covert

Question 38

Which non-standard feature did Emma Moore investigate in her Bolton Study?

Answer 38

The use of non-standard 'were'

Question 39

Moore separated the girls into four 'C_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ of P_ _ _ _ _ _ _'.

Answer 39

'Communities of Practice'

Question 40

What were the Eden Valley girls like in Emma Moore's Bolton Study?

Answer 40

They were all lower middle class and came from a desirable area.

Question 41

How often did the Eden Valley girls use the non-standard 'were'?

Answer 41

They used the standard 'was' almost all of the time.

Question 42

What were The Townies like in Emma Moore's Bolton Study?

Answer 42

They engaged in risky activities like drug-taking and sexual activity.

Question 43

What class were The Townies in Emma Moore's Bolton Study?

Answer 43

Two were from the upper working-class; two were from the lower middle-class.

Question 44

How often did The Townies use the non-standard 'were'?

Answer 44

The Townies used non-standard 'were' most frequently.

Question 45

A Matched Guise experiment is an attempt to identify attitudes to and prejudices about _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Answer 45

accents

Question 46

What is the name of the theorist who conducted the Matched Guise Experiement?

Answer 46

Howard Giles

Question 47

Giles performed a matched guise experiment with an actor using which two accents?

Answer 47

RP and Birmingham accent

Question 48

In the Matched Guise Experiment, which speaker was more likely to be considered guilty?

Answer 48

The Birmingham speaker was significantly more likely to be considered guilty.