Diagnostics and Treatment Flashcards
Define Medical Imaging
Technologies used to create visual impressions of the interior of the body. They assist with analysis, diagnosis, and treatment. Different techniques work best for different needs.
X-Ray
Small waves pass through soft tissues and create a negative image of the bones. This is a noninvasive method for checking bones for breaks and fractures.
Echocardiogram
Sound waves are used to create an echo that forms an image on the monitor.
Non invasive and no radiation. Can allow for viewing the heart as it moves improving diagnostic abilities.
Ultrasound
High frequency sound waves are reflected through the body and form an image on the monitor.
Safe non invasive way to view a fetus in development or for assessing kidney stones.
CT Scan
Computed Tomography
Created using a series of Xrays from different angles. Allows for an image to be formed that shows many structures. Short amount of time to get one done. Not as detailed as an MRI.
MRI
-Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Uses radio waves and magnetic resonance computer to make a highly detailed image. Very useful for assessing with increased specificity and accuracy.
PET Scan
Positron Emission Tomography
Uses radiotracers to evaluate the healht of tissues and organs in the body. Can be used to evaluate and diagnose neurological, pulmonary, cardiac, and digestive diseases.
Explain how a vaccine works. Give an example
Vaccines can work for viruses or bacteria. Each is different and unique to the pathogen it is made for. Some inject a weakened version of the virus while others inject a dead version of the virus or even parts of the virus. The vaccine allows a chance for the body to identify and improve its defenses for combatting the pathogen. This boosts the overall immunity to the pathogen.
What does ECG/EKG stand for and what does it record?
Electrocardiogram - Is a recording of the electrical activity of the heart. It can show heart rate, heart strength, and rhythm regularity. The different waves can be used to assess issues in different parts of the heart or in the overall health of the circulatory system.
Identify the different parts of the waves in an ECG and what is occurring. Must know Pwave, QRS Complex, T wave
P wave is atrial depolarization
QRS is ventricular depolarization (when they contract) This is your pulse
T wave is the ventricles repolarizing
Blood Test
A lance is used to obtain small amounts of blood and a vial is used for large.
Can tell us about hormones, blood cell levels. Glucose levels, toxicity, cancer, a very long list
Urinalysis
Examined macroscopically, microscopically, and chemically
Detects conditions and early disease indicators
Monitors diabetes and kidney disease.
Culture
Swab taken from back of throat and cultures grown in agar jelly.
Used for detecting, diagnosing and treating infections.
Biopsy
Small sample of tissue is taken from the body.
Can diagnose cancer, crohns, hepatitis, and ulcer. Can indicate the progression of a specific disease.
Complete Blood Count (CBC)
Gives an overall count of each type of specialized blood cell in the body.A good indicator of overall body health and nutritional status. Could be an early indicator of illness affecting white or red blood cells like Leukemia.
