Diagnostic radiology: trauma Flashcards
What can be affected in chest trauma?
- Mediastinum (aorta, heart)
- Lung
- Diaphragm
- Chest wall and ribs
What can be affected in abd trauma?
- Visceral organs:
- Liver
- Spleen
- Pancreas
- Kidneys
- Vessels – aorta, IVC
- Bowel
What can be affected in pelvic trauma?
- Bony pelvis
- Vascular structures
What is the standard trauma series plain films?
Cervical spine: to clear cervical spine
CXR: chest trauma
Pelvis: pelvic trauma
LS spine, limbs, face X ray according to clinical scenario
AXR: limited value (low sensitivity for pneumoperitoneum/ haematoma unless gross)
What areas does FAST Scan assess?
If FAST scan positive, what imaging done next?
CT for better delineation of injury
What imaging for abdomen in trauma?
CT (IV contrast is needed inless contnraindicated)
High sensitivity to detet visceral injury, abnormal fluid/gas
Pneumothorax
Pneumothorax on supine CXR
Deep sulcus sign
What treatment is necessary and why?
Tension pneumothorax
Mass effect: trachea deviated contralaterally
Lung collapse
Positive pressure compressing on venous return compromising cardiac output
Requires needle decompression at 2nd ICS MCL or 5th ICS anterior axillary line
Lung contusion