Diagnosis and classification Flashcards
1
Q
How does the DSM classify SZ?
A
Negative symptoms must be present alongside positive symptoms for a diagnosis.
2
Q
How does the ICD classify SZ?
A
Only two or more negative symptoms required.
3
Q
Define positive symptoms
A
An excess distortion of normal functions. (EG: delusions, hallucinations)
4
Q
Define negative symptoms
A
Normal functions are limited and represent a loss of usual experiences (EG: speech poverty, avolition)
5
Q
Cultural variations in diagnosis
A
- Some symptoms such as hearing voices have different meanings
- In Afro-Carribean cultures, believe that it could be communication from ancestors
- In the UK, they are up to 10 times more likely to receive a diagnosis
- Culturally-biased diagnostic system may lead to discrimination
6
Q
Symptom overlap
A
- Symptoms of schizophrenia have symptoms of other conditions
- Schizophrenia and Bipolar disorder have positive/negative symptoms
- May just be a variation of a single conditions
- Schizophrenia may not be exist as a distinct condition
7
Q
Gender bias
A
- In the 1980s, men were diagnosed more, women were less vulnerable than men due to genetic factors
- Likely because they have closer relationships and getting support
- Women may not be receiving treatment and services that benefit them
8
Q
Co-morbidity of disorders
A
- If conditions occur together, people question validity of other conditions
- SZ is diagnosed with other things such as depression
- Issue for classification and diagnosis
- SZ may not exist as a distinct condition