Diagnosis and classification Flashcards

1
Q

How does the DSM classify SZ?

A

Negative symptoms must be present alongside positive symptoms for a diagnosis.

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2
Q

How does the ICD classify SZ?

A

Only two or more negative symptoms required.

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3
Q

Define positive symptoms

A

An excess distortion of normal functions. (EG: delusions, hallucinations)

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4
Q

Define negative symptoms

A

Normal functions are limited and represent a loss of usual experiences (EG: speech poverty, avolition)

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5
Q

Cultural variations in diagnosis

A
  • Some symptoms such as hearing voices have different meanings
  • In Afro-Carribean cultures, believe that it could be communication from ancestors
  • In the UK, they are up to 10 times more likely to receive a diagnosis
  • Culturally-biased diagnostic system may lead to discrimination
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6
Q

Symptom overlap

A
  • Symptoms of schizophrenia have symptoms of other conditions
  • Schizophrenia and Bipolar disorder have positive/negative symptoms
  • May just be a variation of a single conditions
  • Schizophrenia may not be exist as a distinct condition
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7
Q

Gender bias

A
  • In the 1980s, men were diagnosed more, women were less vulnerable than men due to genetic factors
  • Likely because they have closer relationships and getting support
  • Women may not be receiving treatment and services that benefit them
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8
Q

Co-morbidity of disorders

A
  • If conditions occur together, people question validity of other conditions
  • SZ is diagnosed with other things such as depression
  • Issue for classification and diagnosis
  • SZ may not exist as a distinct condition
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