Diacritics and sounds in context

Question 1

suprasegmentals

Answer 1

the umbrella term. These characteristics are superimposed onthe phonemes; the ‘bridge’ phonetic segments. included are prosody and paralinguistics

Question 2

prosody

Answer 2

1. includes some of the ‘suprasegmental’ aspects of speech such as intonation, stress pattern, loudness variations, pausing and rhythm

Question 3

to express prosody we use

Answer 3

pitch differences (fundamental frequency). loudness variations (vocal intensity), length of the signal (duration), tempo, stress (degree of prominence or emphasis associated iwht a syllable or word

Question 4

stress … acoustically?

Answer 4

conveyed with intensity, duration and sometimes a raise in pitch

Question 5

kinds of stress

Answer 5

lexical stress, phrasal stress, new vs. old infomration, contrastive stress

Question 6

Paralinguistics

Answer 6

includes emotion, speaking style, and voice quality (ie clear, hoarse, breathy)

Question 7

coarticulation

Answer 7

the production of a sound is influenced by the sounds around it.anticipatory and backwards or rententive.

Question 8

Phrase level stress

Answer 8

depends on the surrounding context/meaning.
Content words and function words are not stressed. stress changed dep on place in statement. Contrastive stress identifies new/old and imp/unimp

Question 9

Intonation

Answer 9

the melody of speech.

1. Determined by rate of vocal fold vibration
2. affects meaning
3. Conveys emotional tone