Diabetic Neuropathy Flashcards
What is diabetic neuropathy?
Diabetic neuropathy is a type of nerve damage caused by diabetes, typically leading to sensory loss rather than motor loss.
What is the typical distribution of sensory loss in diabetic neuropathy?
Sensory loss typically results in a ‘glove and stocking’ distribution, with the lower legs affected first due to the length of the sensory neurons supplying this area.
What is a common problem associated with diabetic neuropathy?
Painful diabetic neuropathy is a common problem in clinical practice.
What is the first-line treatment for diabetic neuropathy?
First-line treatment includes amitriptyline, duloxetine, gabapentin, or pregabalin.
What should be done if the first-line drug treatment for diabetic neuropathy does not work?
If the first-line drug treatment does not work, try one of the other three drugs.
What is tramadol used for in the context of diabetic neuropathy?
Tramadol may be used as ‘rescue therapy’ for exacerbations of neuropathic pain.
What topical treatment may be used for localized neuropathic pain?
Topical capsaicin may be used for localized neuropathic pain (e.g., post-herpetic neuralgia).
When might pain management clinics be useful?
Pain management clinics may be useful in patients with resistant problems.
What is gastroparesis in relation to diabetic neuropathy?
Gastroparesis occurs secondary to autonomic neuropathy and is characterized by erratic blood glucose control, bloating, and vomiting.
What are the management options for gastroparesis?
Management options include metoclopramide, domperidone, or erythromycin (prokinetic agents).
What is a common symptom of chronic diarrhoea related to diabetic neuropathy?
Chronic diarrhoea often occurs at night.
What causes gastro-oesophageal reflux disease in diabetic neuropathy?
Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease is caused by decreased lower esophageal sphincter (LES) pressure.
