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Patient Topics 2024 > Diabetic Medications 5/2024 > Flashcards

Diabetic Medications 5/2024 Flashcards

1
Q

What medication class, -gliflozin?

A

SGLT-2 inhibitors

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2
Q

What medication class, Victoza?

A

GLP-1 agonist
(Liraglutide)

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3
Q

What medication class, Ozempic?

A

GLP-1 agonist
(Semaglutide)

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4
Q

What are contraindications to GLP-1 use?

A

History of thyroid cancer in self or family or history of multiple endocrine neoplasia

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5
Q

What medication class, Jardiance?

A

SGLT-2 inhibitor
(Empagliflozin)

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6
Q

What is GLP-1 and what does it do?

A

Glucagon like peptide
Made in the small intestine
Signals insulin release
Blocks glucagon release
Decreases gastric motility
Increases satiety

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7
Q

What are the most common side effects of GLP-1’s?

A

Nausea
Vomiting
Diarrhea
Abdominal Cramping

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8
Q

When can SGLT-2 medications lead to DKA?

A

Pancreatic insufficiency
States of reduced oral intake such as when prepping for colonoscopy, fasting, after surgery, or during pregnancy
(Usually a euglycemic DKA because you are losing sugar but not affecting insulin release)

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9
Q

How are GLP-1’s administered?

A

Injections daily or weekly

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10
Q

What medication class, Invokana?

A

SGLT-2 inhibitor
(Canagliflozin)

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11
Q

What medication class, Byetta?

A

GLP-1 agonist
(Exanetide)

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12
Q

How common is hypoglycemia in GLP-1 and SGLT-2 use?

A

Uncommon unless combined with other medications such as insulin

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13
Q

Most common SGLT-2 inhibitors?

A

Invokana (Canagliflozin)
Farxiga (Dapagliflozin)
Jardiance (Empagliflozin)

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14
Q

When are SGLT-2 medications favored?

A

Treating diabetes with heart failure or declining eGFR, but not used when eGFR is <45 as it becomes less effective at lowering A1c

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15
Q

What medication class, Farxiga?

A

SGLT-2 inhibitor
(Dapagliflozin)

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16
Q

What medication classes are used for weight loss?

A

GLP-1 agonists
SGLT-2 inhibitors

17
Q

Can GLP-1’s be used in pregnancy?

A

No
Should be on birth control if on these medications, cause birth defects

18
Q

What class of medication are -glutide, and -enatide?

A

GLP-1 agonists

19
Q

What medication class, Trulicity?

A

GLP-1 agonist
(Dulaglutide)

20
Q

What are the effects/mechanism of GLP-1’s?

A

Stimulates release of insulin from the pancreas
Slows gastric emptying
Decreases hunger
Decreased risk of cardiac disease, kidney disease and stroke

21
Q

How do SGLT-2’s work?

A

Inhibit glucose reabsorption in the kidneys

22
Q

What are the big side effects of SGLT-2 inhibitors?

A

Increased urine sugar leads to UTI’s, and yeast infections
Pancreatitis
Euglycemic DKA

23
Q

Most common GLP-1 agonists?

A

Trulicity (Dulaglutide)
Byettea (Exanetide)
Ozempic (Semaglutide)
Victoza (Liraglutide)

Patient Topics 2024 (2 decks)

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