Diabetes Meds Flashcards
1
Q
Sulfonylureas
A
- increases insulin production from pancreas
- stimulates beta cells to release more insulin
- MUST eat 3 meals and take 3 meals
- decrease chance of prolonged hypoglycemia
2
Q
Examples of Sulfonylureas
A
- IDES
- glipizide, glimepiride
3
Q
Meglitinides
A
-increase the insulin production from pancreas
-taken 30 minutes before meal
-should not be taken if meal skipped
–useful for unusual eating habits
can take only 2 if skipping meal
4
Q
Examples of Meglitinides
A
- GLINIDE
- repaglinide and nateglinide
5
Q
Biguanides
A
- decrease liver production of glucose (w/o hypoglycemic effects)
- improve glucose transport into cells
- HOLD when testing w/ dyes (before and 48 hours after)
6
Q
Examples of Biguanides
A
-Metformin
7
Q
A-Glucosidase inhibitors
A
- “starch blockers”
- slow down absorption of carbohydrate in small intestine (body has time to produce insulin so not overloaded with sugar from carbs)
8
Q
Examples of A-glucosidase inhibitors
A
Acarabose or glycet miglitol
9
Q
Thiazolidinesdiones
A
- most effective in those with insulin resistance
- improves insulin sensitivity, transport, and utilization at target tissues
- increase glucose uptake in muscle and fat
10
Q
Examples Thiazolidinesdiones
A
-ZONE
Pioglitazone, Rosiglitazone
11
Q
Dipeptidyl Peptidase Inhibitor
A
- Incretins regulates homeostasis and is released throughout the day
- increase and prolong incretin levels
- incretin hormones released throughout the day and increased in response to meal
12
Q
Examples of Dipeptidyl Peptidase inhibitor
A
Januvia
13
Q
Amylin analog
A
- hormones secreted by beta cells of pancreas
- cosecreted with insulin
- indicated for type 1 & 2 diabetic
- SQ into thigh or abdomen
- slows gastric emptying
14
Q
Incretin mimetic
A
- synthetic peptide, stimulates release of insulin from beta cells
- suppresses glucagon secretion
- slows gastric emptying (not to be used with insulin)
15
Q
Example of Amylin analog
A
-Pramlintide
