Diabetes drugs Flashcards
1
Q
What is the role of metformin (biguanide)?
A
- decreases hepatic (liver) glucose production
- increases glucose uptake & utilisation
2
Q
What is the role of sulphonylurea (gliclalzide)?
A
- increases B pancreatic cell insulin production
3
Q
What drugs can cause hypo risk?
A
Sulphonylurea
Insulin
4
Q
What is the role of DPP4 inhibitors (-gliptin)?
A
- slows breakdown of GLP-1 hormone which inhibits glucagon release and therefore decreases glucose production
- increases insulin synthesis + release
** glucose dependent so dont cause hypo
5
Q
What is the role of SGLT2 (-lifozin)?
A
- blocks glucose reabsorption in distal tubules
6
Q
What is the role of GLP-1 (exenatide)?
A
- enhances insulin production
- suppresses excessive glucagon secretion
- slow gastric emptying to slow glucose absorption
** CHO dependant so does not cause hypo
7
Q
What is the role of glitazones (e.g. ploglitazone)?
A
- increase sensitivity to insulin = increase glucose uptake
- decrease hepatic glucose production
8
Q
What is the role of acarbose (a-glucosidase inhibitor)?
A
- slow CHO absorption
9
Q
What is biguanide?
A
Metformin
10
Q
What is gliclalzide?
A
Sulphonylurea
11
Q
What is -gliptin?
A
DPP4 inhibitor
12
Q
What is -lifozin?
A
SGLT2
13
Q
What is exenatide?
A
GLP-1 analogue
