Diabetes And Obesity

Question 1

When does type 1 diabetes usually occur?

Answer 1

In childhood

Question 2

What does type 1 diabetes cause?

Answer 2

Type 1 diabetes causes an individual to be unable to produce insulin, this can be treated by giving a person regular doses of insulin.

Question 3

When does type 2 diabetes occur?

Answer 3

Typically later in life / adulthood

Question 4

What can increase the likelihood of developing type 2 diabetes?

Answer 4

Being overweight

Question 5

What happens in type 2 diabetes?

Answer 5

Individuals produce insulin, but their cells are less sensitive to it. This insulin resistance is linked to a decrease in the number of insulin receptors in the liver, leading to a failure to convert glucose to glycogen.

Question 6

What is a commonality in both types of diabetes?

Answer 6

In both types of diabetes, individual blood glucose concentrations will rise rapidly after a meal. The kidneys will remove some of this glucose, resulting in glucose appearing in urine.

Question 7

What are two ways to test for diabetes?

Answer 7

Testing urine for glucose
The glucose tolerance test

Question 8

What are the steps of the glucose tolerance test?

Answer 8

1. The blood glucose concentrations of the individual are initially measured after fasting
2. The individual then drinks a glucose solution and changes in their blood glucose concentration are measured for at least 2 hours
3. The blood glucose concentration of a diabetic usually starts at a higher levels than that of a non-diabetic
4. A diabetics blood glucose concentration increases to a much higher level than that of a non diabetic and takes longer to return to its starting concentration

Question 9

What is obesity a major risk factor for?

Answer 9

Cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes.

Question 10

What is obesity?

Answer 10

Obesity is characterised by excess body fat in relation to lean body tissue such as muscle.

Question 11

Obesity may impair health

Answer 11

Just a short fact!!

Question 12

What is Body Mass Index (BMI) used for?

Answer 12

BMI is commonly used to measure obesity but can wrongly classify muscular individuals as obese

Question 13

How do you calculate bmi?

Answer 13

BMI = mass (Kg) / (height (m))^2

Question 14

What BMI indicates obesity?

Answer 14

BMI >30

Question 15

What diets are liked to obesity?

Answer 15

High fat diets and decreased physical activity

Question 16

What should a good diet require to inhibit obesity?

Answer 16

The diet should limit: fats and free sugars

Fats have a high calorific value per gram and free sugars require no metabolic energy to expended in their digestion and are therefore bad for health.

Question 17

What can increase energy expenditure and preserve lean tissue?

Answer 17

Excercise!!

Question 18

What can excercise help with?

Answer 18

Excercise can help to reduce risk factors for Cardiovascular disease by keeping weight under control, minimising stress, reducing hypertension and improving blood lipid profiles