Diabetes

Question 1

What is type 1 diabetes?

Answer 1

An absolute deficiency of insulin

Question 2

What is type 2 diabetes?

Answer 2

Resistance to insulin action &an inadequate compensatory insulin secretory response

Question 3

Where is glucose absorbed from?

Answer 3

small intestine into the blood

Question 4

Where is an increase in concentration of blood glucose sensed by?

Answer 4

Beta-cells of the pancreas

Question 5

Where do glucose transporters facilitate uptake of glucose for storage as glycogen?

Answer 5

The liver

Question 6

what fasted plasma glucose level is diabetic?

Answer 6

> 7.0mmol/L

Question 7

What random plasma glucose level is diabetic?

Answer 7

> 11.1mmol/L

Question 8

What are symptoms of diabetes?

Answer 8

Increases thirst, increased nee to urinate, fatigue, tiredness, weight loss and blurred vision

Question 9

Are symptoms more severe and set on faster in type 1 or 2 diabetes?

Answer 9

Type 1

Question 10

What is the current prevalence of diabetes in the uk?

Answer 10

3.4 million

Question 11

What is the aetiology of type 1 diabetes?

Answer 11

Autoimmune destruction on beta-cells, can occur at any age, famalilia trend, viruses, drugs or cehmical

Question 12

What disorders is type 1 diabetes secondary to?

Answer 12

Pancreatitis

Question 13

What % of type 2 diabetics are obese?

Answer 13

80%

Question 14

How can type 2 diabetes be treated?

Answer 14

Lifestyle modification, oral hypoglycaemic agents or exogenous insulin therapy

Question 15

How many years before diagnosis is type 2 diabetes detectable by?

Answer 15

10 Years

Question 16

Name three identifications of metabolic syndrome?

Answer 16

blood pressure>130/>85 mm HG, Fasting glucose >6.1mmol/l and serum triglycerides >1.7mmol/l

Question 17

What health outcomes can diabetes cause?

Answer 17

Neuropathy, Nepthropathy, retinopathy and microvascular complications

Question 18

What is associated with diabetic complications?

Answer 18

Length of diabetes duration

Question 19

What for of diabetes is more relevant to macrovascular complications?

Answer 19

Type 2

Question 20

What macrovascualr complications can type2 diabetes cause?

Answer 20

Coronary heart disease, stroke, peripheral vascular disease and increased morality

Question 21

What should type 2 diabetes aim to control?

Answer 21

Lipid factors and blood pressure

Question 22

What blood glucose level is hypoglycemic (glucose deficient) when self monitoring?

Answer 22

< 4.0 mmol/l

Question 23

What blood glucose level is hyperglycaemic (excessive glucose) when self monitoring?

Answer 23

persistently >12.0 mmol?l

Question 24

Normal blood glucose level before meals?

Answer 24

4-7 mmol/l

Question 25

what treatment is required for type 1 diabetics?

Answer 25

Insulin therapy, pump therapy, carbohydrate counting and insulin bd

Question 26

How often a day should T2 diabetics measure blood glucose?

Answer 26

once a day

Question 27

How many times per day should T1 diabetics check blood glucose levels?

Answer 27

pre breakfast, lunch, dinner and before bed