Diabetes

Question 1

DKA

Answer 1

DKA is a serious condition leading to diabetic coma or death. When the body’s cell don’t receive glucose for energy they begin to burn fat for energy which produces ketones.

Question 2

Hypoglycaemia

Answer 2

When the body does not have enough glucose for energy.

Question 3

Hypoglycaemia treatment

Answer 3

15-20grams of sweets
110ml lucozade
Glucose tablets x7
If patient unable to swallow safely Glucogel(1 off over 24hrs).
Severe Hypo’s Glucogen injection kit
BM’s must be checked every 15 mins until levels stabilise.

Question 4

Hyperglycemia

Answer 4

> 13.0
7.0 (fasting)
11.0 (2hrs after meal)

Hyperglycemia can lead to DKA.
Nurse must:
Check Ketones
Inform Diabetic Nurse
Sliding scale
Short acting medications

Question 5

Name Rapid acting diabetes drugs

Answer 5

Humalog
Novorapid
These medications should ideally be given before food.
Onset is 5mins-15mins
Peak is 1-3hrs

Question 6

Name Short acting and Intermediate diabetes drugs

Answer 6

Humulin (clear)
Novolin (insulin regular)
Onset: 30mins
Peak: 1.5-2hrs

Intermediate:
Humulin (cloudy)
Novolin (insulin NPH)
Onset: 1-4hrs
Peak: 4-12hrs

Question 7

Name Long acting diabetes drugs

Answer 7

Lantus (clear)
Levemir (clear)
Onset: 1-2hrs
Peak: No peak

Question 8

Hypoglycaemia signs and symptoms

Answer 8

HI WASH
Headache
Irritability
Weakness
Anxiety - Shakiness
S
Hunger

Question 9

Hyperglycaemia signs and symptoms

Answer 9

3 P's
Increased-
Polydipsia(thirsty)
Polyuria(urination)
Polyphagia(hunger)