Cardiac meds

Question 1

Name some Betablockers

Answer 1

Atenolol
Bisoprolol
Propranolol
Metoprolol

Question 2

What is an Ace-Inhibitor

Answer 2

Ace-Inhibitors is a medication that blocks Angiotensin II production.
Angiotensin II is a hormone that circulates in the blood and has many roles with the cardiovascular system. One of its main roles is a vasoconstrictor. By blocking this action it results I lowering the blood pressure.

Question 3

Name several Ace-Inhibitors

Answer 3

Benazepril, Enalapril, Linsinopril, Ramipril, Perindopril

Question 4

What side effects from an Ace-Inhibitor

Answer 4

Dizziness, weakness, headaches

Question 5

What are some side effects of Beta blockers

Answer 5

Bradycardia, dizziness, blurred vision, cold peripherals, nausea

Question 6

What are calcium channel blockers

Answer 6

Calcium in the body can be used to narrow blood vessels resulting in raised blood pressure. By using CCB’s it reduces blood pressure.

Question 7

Name several Calcium Channel Blockers

Answer 7

Amlodipine, Adipine, Diltiazem, Verapim, Nifedipine, Felodipine

Question 8

Name some side effects from CCB’s

Answer 8

Dizziness, oedematous ankles, headaches,

Question 9

What is Anti-Platelet

Answer 9

They are a group of medications that prevent the formation of blood clots. They are used to treat coronary artery disease, stroke, peripheral artery disease and after cardiovascular surgeries such as stents, heart bypass, angioplasty.

Question 10

Name several Anti-Platelets

Answer 10

Aspirin, Clopidogrel, Dipyridamole

Question 11

What is a BetaBlocker

Answer 11

A Beta Ant-Agonist medication which reduces the heart rate and blood pressure by blocking epinephrine signals to the heart.(fight/flight)

Question 12

Digoxin

Answer 12

Used in conditions such as CCF and AF by increasing the force of heart muscles contraction in a weakened heart, hence improving and regulating blood pressure levels.
It should be withheld and Doctor informed if patients heart rate is

Question 13

What are Simvastatins

Answer 13

They lower Cholesterol (LDL) in production in the liver resulting in reduced LDL in the blood.

Question 14

Name several Simvastatins

Answer 14

Atorvastatin, Fluvastatin, Simvastatin, Pravastatin

Question 15

Amiodarone

Answer 15

Used to treat ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation. It improves the irregular heart beat to a more regular state.

Question 16

What are Nitrates

Answer 16

Medications used to treat or prevent chest pain(angina) caused by heart disease. Nitrate medication is a vasodilator which expands the blood vessels that makes less work for the heart, which requires less oxygenated blood for energy to circulate blood throughout the body hence reducing angina symptoms.

Question 17

Name several Nitrate medications

Answer 17

There are short acting and long acting (regular dose) nitrates. Short Acting: Glyceryl Trinitrate (GTN) spray or tablets, Isosorbide Dinitrate and Isosorbide Mononitrate also come in Long Acting forms.

Question 18

Side effects of Nitrates

Answer 18

Headache, dizziness, flushes

Question 19

What are Diuretics

Answer 19

Diuretics increase urine output by inhibiting electrolyte reabsorption from the nephron.
There are different classes:
Thiazides- in low dose with loop diuretic to treat HTN
Loop- treatment of CCF, CKD and Fluid rention
Potassium-Sparing- HTN, Odema of liver failure and CCF

Question 20

Name Thiazides Diuretics

Answer 20

Bendroflumethiazide, Hydrochlorothiazide, Indapamide, Metolazone, Cyclopenthiazide

Question 21

Name Loop Diuretics

Answer 21

Furosemide, Bumetanide

Question 22

Name Potassium-Sparing Diuretics

Answer 22

Amiloride, Spironolactone,

Question 23

Name several ARBS

Answer 23

Candesartan, Irbesartan, Lorsartan, Valsartan

Question 24

What are ARBS ( angio tension receptor blockers)

Answer 24

Prevents (blocks) angiotensin II effecting the heart and blood vessels which stops blood pressure increasing. (CCF/>BP)