Diabetes Flashcards

1
Q

DPP-4 inhibitors = gliptins

Monitoring

A

LFT +UE

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2
Q

DPP-4 inhibitors = gliptins
Weight change?
Hypoglycaemia

A

Weight neutral

No hypoglycaemia

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3
Q

DPP-4 inhibitors = gliptins

Mechanism

A

Reduced glucagon release from pancreas

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4
Q

DPP-4 inhibitors = gliptins

Contraindications? (4)

A

Ketoacidosis
Liver impairment
Heart failure
Pancreatitis

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5
Q

Pioglitazone

Monitoring

A

LFT

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6
Q

Pioglitazone

Mechanism

A

Reduced peripheral insulin resistance

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6
Q

Pioglitazone

Weight change and hypoglycaemia

A

Increase in weight

No hypoglycaemia

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7
Q

Pioglitazone

Contraindications (3)

A

Heart failure
Bladder Ca/haematuria
Liver impairment

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8
Q

Pioglitazone

Side effects

A

Fractures

Peripheral oedema

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9
Q

Sulfonylureas = gliclazide

Mechanism

A

Increased insulin release from pancreas

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10
Q

Sulfonylureas = gliclazide

Weight and hypoglycaemia

A

Increased weight

Hypoglycaemia

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11
Q

Sulfonylureas = gliclazide

Weight and hypoglycaemia

A

Increased weight

Hypoglycaemia

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12
Q

Sulfonylureas = gliclazide

Contraindications

A

Acute porphyria
Ketoacidosis
Severe renal/liver impairment
Obesity

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13
Q

Sulfonylureas = gliclazide

Side effect

A

Hypoglycaemia

Cholestasis

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13
Q

Sulfonylureas = gliclazide

Side effect

A

Hypoglycaemia

Cholestasis

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14
Q

SGLT-2 inhibitors = gliflozin

Mechanism

A

Increased urinary excretion of glucose

15
Q

SGLT-2 inhibitors = gliflozin

Weight change and hypoglycaemia

A

Weight loss

No hypoglycaemia

16
Q

SGLT-2 inhibitors = gliflozin

Contraindications

A
Ketoacidosis
Renal impairment
Severe liver impairment
Increased age
Active foot disease
17
Q

SGLT-2 inhibitors = gliflozin

Side effects

A

Foot problems

Increased UTI/urinary output

18
Q

GLP-1 receptor antagonists = -tide SUBCUT

Weight change and hypoglycaemia

A

Weight loss

No hypoglycaemia

19
Q

GLP-1 receptor antagonists = -tide SUBCUT

Contraindications

A

Ketoacidosis
Pancreatitis
Renal impairment
Hepatic impairment

20
Q

GLP-1 receptor antagonists = -tide SUBCUT

When to start and stop

A

Start = BMI >35 or insulin causes occupational problems or weight loss beneficial for other problems
Only continue if >11mmol drop in HbA1c and weight loss >3%

21
Q

Diagnostic criteria for DMT2?

A

Fasting glucose >7
OGTT/random glucose >11
HbA1c >48

22
Q

Diagnostic criteria:

1) Impaired fasting glucose
2) Impaired glucose tolerance

A

1) Fasting glucose 6.1-7

2) Fasting glucose < 7 and OGTT 7.8-11.1

22
Q

Diagnostic criteria:

1) Impaired fasting glucose
2) Impaired glucose tolerance

A

1) Fasting glucose 6.1-7

2) Fasting glucose < 7 and OGTT 7.8-11.1