Diabetes

Question 1

What is diabetes?

Answer 1

A metabolic disorder

The absence, deficit or resistance to insulin leading to hyperglycaemia

Question 2

What are the two types of diabetes?

Answer 2

Type 1 diabetes - insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (linked with viral infection & autoimmune disease)
Type 2 diabetes - non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (linked with obesity, age & ethnicity)

Question 3

What are the risk factors for type 1?

Answer 3

Family history

Viral infection

Question 4

What are the risk factors for type 2?

Answer 4

Obesity
Hypertension
Poor lifestyle
Diet

Question 5

What is type 1 diabetes (IDDM)?

Answer 5

Insulin dependent
Due to beta cell destruction predominately by autoimmune process can be viral origin
Main thought is that the body’s immune system destroys the beta cells
10% of diabetes diagnosed
Usually diagnosed in children & young adults

Question 6

What is type 2 diabetes?

Answer 6

Non-insulin dependent
Multifactorial caused both genetic & environmental that affect beta cell function & the tissues sensitivity to insulin
90% diabetes diagnosed
Can be prevented or delayed through lifestyle changes

Question 7

What is the management for diabetes?

Answer 7

Lifestyle changes - type 2
Insulin tablets - type 2
Insulin injections - type 1

Question 8

What is the physiotherapy for diabetes?

Answer 8

Secondary to complications 
Awareness of complications e.g. healing, hyperglycaemia 
Education on lifestyle changes 
Higher musculoskeletal pain 
Falls