dextrose

Question 1

dextrose
Class

Answer 1

carbohydrate, glucose-elevating agent

Question 2

dextrose
Pharmacology and action

Answer 2

Rapidly increases serum glucose levels. Short-term osmotic diuresis.

Question 3

dextrose
ONset, Duration, Peak effect

Answer 3

Onset: Immediate Duration: Variable Peak Effect: Variable

Question 4

dextrose
indications and contraindications

Answer 4

Indications
● Hypoglycemia
● Acutely altered mental status secondary to suspected hypoglycemia
● Coma or seizure of unknown origin
● Status epilepticus
● Pre-treatment for crush injury

Contraindications
● Hyperglycemia
● Severe dehydration
● Anuria
● Diabetic coma
● Intracranial or intraspinal hemorrhage
● Glucose-galactose malabsorption syndrome

Question 5

dextrose
adverse reactions and side effects

Answer 5

Neurological: Cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral ischemia
Other: Warmth, pain, burning or phlebitis from IV infusion

Question 6

dextrose
Dosage

Answer 6

Adult: 25g of D10 or D50 IV. Repeat PRN.
Pediatric: 0.5-1g/kg of D10 or D25 slow IV/IO push. Repeat PRN.
Neonates, Infants: 0.2g/kg of D10 IV/IO followed by 5ml/kg/hr of D10 IV/IO infusion.

Question 7

dextrose
Special considerations

Answer 7

● For children younger than 8 years, do not use concentrations higher than D25.
● Co-administer thiamine to alcoholic or malnourished patients to prevent Wernicke’s
encephalopathy.
● Do not administer to known stroke unless hypoglycemia is documented.
● Extravasation may lead to severe tissue necrosis - aspirate the syringe during
administration to ensure IV patency and use a large vein.

Question 8

dextrose
Drug interactions

Answer 8

Sodium Bicarbonate, Warfarin