Dexis

Question 1

Deixis

Answer 1

By deixis is meant the location and identification of persons, objects, events, processes and activities being talked about, or referred to, in relation to the spatiotemporal context created and sustained by the act of utterance and the participation in it, typically, of a single speaker and at least one addressee

Question 2

Endophoric Deixis

Answer 2

Refer to or the point of things within the text

Question 3

Exophoric Deixis

Answer 3

Refer to or the point of things outside the text

Question 4

Finite Clause

Answer 4

Contain a finite verb
Can be main clauses or subordinate
Dependent clauses where the main verb is non-finite.
Show:
• Tense
• Person
• Number
Eg, I go, she goes, we went.
Verb+tense+person/number.

Question 5

Non-Finite Clause

Answer 5

Do not show tense, person or number.
They are:
• Infinitive forms with and without to (eg, to go, go).
• -ing forms or –ed forms (eg, going, gone).
Progressive and past terms not directly explaining tense.

Question 6

Place

Answer 6

Locative Expressions
• adverbs such as ‘here, there‘
• prepositional phrases like ‘in front of’ ‘to the right
• the determiners or pronouns ‘this’ and ‘these’ (near the speaker) and ‘that’ and ‘those’ (away from the speaker
• deictic verbs ‘come’ and ‘bring’ (in the direction of the speaker) and ‘go’ and ‘take’ (in a direction away from the speaker).

Question 7

Time

Answer 7

• items such as ‘now’, ‘then’, ‘today’, ‘yesterday’, ‘tomorrow’, and ‘next Friday’.
• present and past tenses of full verbs (for example ‘play/s’, ‘played’; ‘go/es’, and ‘went’) and of auxiliaries (for example, ‘have’ and ‘had’).

Question 8

Deictic Projection

Answer 8

the deictic centre typically corresponds to the position of a narrator or character within an imaginary situational context.
the construction of a subjective position within an imagined situational context in reference to which the deictic expressions used in the text make sense.

Deixis is often termed “egocentric” because, typically, the ego of the speaker is the centre of orientation.
Other terms: “deictic centre”, “zero point” or “origo”.

Deixis involves a (subjective) distinction between what is perceived as “proximal” to the deictic centre and what is perceived as “non-proximal” or “distal”.
This / here vs that / there
The perception of proximity is subjective and context-dependent.