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Audio > Device Management / File Management > Flashcards

Device Management / File Management Flashcards

1
Q
  • Monitoring the status of each device (storage drives, printers, etc.)
A

Device Management

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2
Q
  • assigned to only one job at a time
  • serve that job for the entire time it’s active or until it
    releases them
A

Dedicated Devices

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3
Q

Examples of Dedicated Devices

A
  • Tape drives
  • Printer
  • Scanner
  • Plotters
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4
Q
  • can be assigned to several processes
A

Shared Devices

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5
Q
  • can be shared by several processes at the same time by interleaving
    their requests.
A

Direct Access Storage Device (DASD)

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6
Q
  • a combination of dedicated and shared devices.
  • they’re dedicated devices that have been transformed into
    shared devices.
A
  • Virtual Devices
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7
Q

a printer converted into sharable devices through a

A

spooling program

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8
Q

One USB host can accommodate up to

A

127 different devices

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9
Q
  • acts as an interface between the OS, device drivers, and applications
    attached via USB host.
A

Universal Serial Bus (USB) Controller

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10
Q

A physical device that receives, stores, and allows users and programs
to access electronic data.

A

Storage Media

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11
Q

Examples of Storage Media

A
  • CD ROM, DVD ROM, DAT tape, DLT tape, disk drives, SSD,
    Flash Drive, etc.
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12
Q

Storage media are divided into two groups:

A

Sequential Access Storage Media
Direct Access Storage Devices (DASD)

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13
Q
  • store records sequentially, one after the other
A

Sequential Access Storage Media

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14
Q
  • store either sequential or direct access files
A

Direct Access Storage Devices (DASD)

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15
Q
  • Developed for routine secondary storage in early computer
    systems and features records that are stored serially, one after
    other.
A

Magnetic tape

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16
Q
  • Determined by the number of characters that can be
    recorded per inch, such as (1600 bpi).
A

Density of the Tape

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17
Q
  • Records can be stored individually or grouped into blocks:
A

Sequential Access Storage Media

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18
Q
  • Way of grouping the record into blocks before recording them on
    tape.
A

Blocking

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19
Q
  • The rate at which data is transferred from sequential
    access media
A

Transfer Rate

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20
Q

Transfer Rate formula

A
  • Transfer Rate (ips) = density * transport speed.
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21
Q

Direct Access Storage Devices (DASD)
Grouped into 3 categories:

A
  • Magnetic disks (Fixed-Head, Movable-Head)
  • Optical discs
  • Flash memory
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22
Q
  • Looks like CD or DVD covered with magnetic film that has been
    formatted.
  • Each circle is called track.
  • Data is recorded serially on each track by the fixed read/write
    head position over it.
A

Fixed-Head Magnetic Disk Storage

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23
Q
  • Like a computer hard drives.
  • Have one read/write head that floats over each surface of each
    disk.
A

Movable-Head Magnetic Disk Storage

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24
Q
  • Was made possible by developments in laser technology.
  • Single spiraling track of same-sized sectors.
  • Running from the center to the rim of the disc.
A

Optical Disc Storage

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25
Q

Optical disc consists of a
single spiraling track of
same-sized sectors running
from the center to the rim of
the disc.

A

Optical Disc Storage

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26
Q

To put data on an optical disc, a high-intensity laser beam burns indentations
on the disc that are called

A

pits.

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27
Q

These pits, which represent 0s, contrast with the unburned flat areas, called
____, which represent _s.

A

lands, 1s

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28
Q

A magnetic disk, which consists of concentric tracks of sectors, spins
at a constant speed—this is called

A

constant angular velocity (CAV).

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29
Q

The disc drive adjusts the speed of the disc’s spin to compensate for
the sector’s location on the disc—this is called

A

constant linear
velocity (CLV).

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30
Q
  • A type of electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM).
  • A nonvolatile removable medium that emulates random access memory, but,
    unlike RAM, stores data securely even when it’s removed from its power
    source.
A

Flash Memory Storage

31
Q

(EEPROM).

A

electrically erasable programmable read-only memory

32
Q
  • The bits can be erased only by applying
    the flash to a large block of memory with
    each flash erasure, the block becomes
    less stable.
A

Flash Memory Storage

33
Q

Examples of Flash Memory

A
  • USB flash drives
  • SSDs
  • Memory cards,
  • Smartphones, tablets, etc.
34
Q

File Manager is also called the

A

File Management System

35
Q

is the software responsible for:
- Creating, deleting, modifying, controlling access to files

A

File Management System

36
Q

are the building blocks of any operation system.
Permanent storage of information & data.

A

Files

37
Q

The output of program is called

A

executable file.

38
Q

There are several ways to access files:

A
  • Sequential File Access
  • Direct File Access
  • Indexed File Access
39
Q
  • Is a method of accessing data
    sequentially/one record at a time
    by starting from the beginning of
    the file to its end.
  • This access method is the most
    primitive and straightforward
    method of accessing files.
A

Sequential File Access

40
Q
  • Also known as Random file access.
  • Allows users to access data directly
    from any location within the file without
    the need to read/write all the records
    that come before it.
A

Direct File Access

41
Q
  • Is a method that incorporates the benefits
    of both sequential and direct file access.
  • Creating an index file that maps logical
    keys or data elements to their
    corresponding physical addresses within
    the file.
  • Index is searched sequentially and its
    pointer is used to access the file directly.
A

Indexed File Access

42
Q

refers to the ability of the operating system to distinguish
different types of file such as text files, source files, and binary files etc.

A

File type

43
Q

Operating system like MS-DOS and UNIX have the following types of
files:

A
  • Ordinary files
  • Directory files
  • Special files
44
Q
  • These are the files that contains user information.
  • These may have text, databases or executable program.
  • The user can apply various operations on such files like
  • add, modify, delete or even remove the entire file.
A

Ordinary files

45
Q

contains list of file and other related information to
those files.

A

Directory files

46
Q

Also known as “folders” in other operating systems.

A

Directory files

47
Q

Special Files are files are also known as

A

device files.

48
Q

data is handled character by character as in case of terminals or printers.

A

Character special files

49
Q

− data is handled in blocks as in the case of disks and tapes.

A

Block special files

50
Q

The file is created with no data.

A

Create:

51
Q

: File must has to be deleted when it is no longer needed just to
free up the disk space.

A

Delete

52
Q

The process must open the file before using it.

A

Open:

53
Q

The file must be closed to free up the internal table space,
when all the accesses are finished and the attributes and the disk
addresses are no longer needed.

A

Close:

54
Q

The file read operation is performed just to read the data that
are stored in the required file.

A

Read:

55
Q

The file write operation is used to write the data to the file,
again, generally at the current position.

A

Write:

56
Q

The file append operation is same as the file write operation
except that the file append operation only add the data at the end of
the file.

A

Append:

57
Q

: For random access files, a method is needed just to specify
from where to take the data. Therefore, the file seek operation
performs this task.

A

Seek

58
Q

The file rename operation is used to change the name of the
existing file.

A

Rename:

59
Q

FILE OPERATIONS

A

Create
Close
Open
Delete
Read
Rename
Write
Append
Seek

60
Q

is a list of files that stores all the related information about the file it
hold with the contents.

A

Directory

61
Q

Types of Directory Structure

A
  1. Single-level directory structure
  2. Two-level directory structure
  3. Tree-structured directory structure
62
Q
  • in a _____ directory system, all the files are placed in one
    directory
A

Single-level directory structure

63
Q
  • in the _____ directory system, the system maintains a master
    block that has one entry for each user.
A

Two-level directory structure

64
Q
  • in the _______ directory, the directory themselves are files. This files
    to the possibility of having sub-directories that can contain files and sub-
    subdirectories
A

Tree-structured directory structure

65
Q

Layered File System layers

A

Application Program Layer:
Logical File System Layer:
File Organization Module Layer:
Basic File System Layer:
I/O Control Interface Layer:
Physical Hardware Device Layer:

66
Q
  • user creates application program
A

Application Program Layer:

67
Q
  • manages the meta data information
A

Logical File System Layer:

68
Q
  • maintain information about file
A

File Organization Module Layer:

69
Q
  • generate command for device driver
  • also manage buffer memory and
    cache
A

Basic File System Layer:

70
Q
  • it consists of device driver & interrupt
    handler
  • transfer data: between main memory to disk
    system.
A

I/O Control Interface Layer:

71
Q
  • contain actual hardware device
A

Physical Hardware Device Layer:

72
Q

A reduction in the amount of bits required to represent data is
known as

A

data compression.

73
Q

is performed by a program that uses a formula or algorithm to
determine how to shrink the size of the data.

A

Compression

Audio (3 decks)

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