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Audio Flashcards

1
Q

is also a perfect way for
teaching

A

Speech

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2
Q

or sound
refers to the original sound signal

A

Analog audio

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3
Q

the sound used in multimedia application is

A

digital audio.

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4
Q

It is a multimedia application that uses dialogue, recorded narration, music, and soundeffects.

A

Sound

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5
Q

tracks are used to capture the user’s attention and make them focused on the map, animation or the selected element. They are no longer than a fewseconds.

A

Short sound

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6
Q

(often music or ambient sound) creates a
pleasant atmosphere for map perception. Positive perception of visually transmitted information can also be enhanced by sound effects that have no relation to the theme of the map.

A

Background sound

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7
Q

that are activated when selecting a symbol or moving the cursor over can include applause (for theatres), fan cheering (for stadiums), a plane taking off (for airports), ocean wave splash (for beaches) or crowd noise (for marketplaces).

A

Sound effects

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8
Q

is the actual representation of sound, stored in
the form of samples

A

Digital audio data

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9
Q

represent the amplitude (or loudness) of sound at a discrete point in time

A

Samples

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10
Q

The quality of digital recording depends on
the ______ that is, the number of samples
taken per second

A

sampling rate (or frequency),

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11
Q

three sampling frequencies most often used

A

CD-quality 44.1 kHz, 22.05 kHz, and 11.025 kHz.

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12
Q

is a process of converting the analog signals to a
digital signal.

A

Digitization

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13
Q

Three steps of digitization

A

Sampling, Quantization, Encoding

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14
Q

is a process of measuring air pressure amplitude at equally spaced moments in time, where each measurement constitutes a sample.

A

Sampling

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15
Q

is the number of times the analog sound is taken per second.

A

sampling rate

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16
Q

is a process of representing the amplitude of each sample as integers or numbers. How many numbers are used to represent the value of each sample known as sample size or bit depth or resolution

A

Quantization

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17
Q

converts the integer base-10 number to a base-2 that is a binary number. The output is a binary expression in which each bit is
either a 1(pulse) or a 0(no pulse).

A

Encoding

18
Q

is a method or technique for transmitting
analog data in a digital and binary way independent of the complexity of
the analog wave form. All types of analog data like video, voice; music
etc. can be transferred using PCM. It is the standard form for digital
audio in computers.

A

Pulse Code Modulation (PCM)

19
Q

Removing dead air or blank space and so on. Done using commands
like cut , clear , Erase, Silence.

A

Trimming:

20
Q

Removal of extraneous noise , touch up, creating a
longer recording by mixing many small recordings.

A

Splicing and Assembly:

21
Q

when we combine one or more recording with different
volume level, they must be made to run with a consistent volume level. We need
to normalize it with a sound editor to a particular level.

A

Volume adjustments:

22
Q

While saving different formats are made available for
sounds. Data may be lost during conversion. Ex. MP3,MP4

A

Format Conversion:

23
Q

: if we have sound recorded and edited the
sound at 16 bit sampling rate and using lower rates then RS & DS is necessary, as
we may save lots of disk space.

A

Resampling and down sampling

24
Q

useful for sections that requires this effect. This enveloping
helps to smooth out a beginning and end of the sound file.

A

Fade in & Fade out:

25
Q

allow us to modify a recordings frequency content so that it sounds
brighter or darker.

A

Equalization:

26
Q

allows to alter the length of the file . Useful but may degrade
audio quality of the file.

A

Time Stretching:

27
Q

allows signals with reverberation, multi tap delay,
chorus, flange and other special effects using DSP routines.

A

Digital Sound Processing:

28
Q

: Reversing or a part of a recording.

A

Reversing Sound

29
Q

Being able to edit and combine multiple tracks, merge tracks
and then export them in a final mix to a single audio file is important.

A

Multiple Tracks:

30
Q

are programs that compress data for transmission and
decompress that data on the receiving end.

A

Audio Codecs

31
Q

is the most popular of the lossy formats. _____
work on most devices, and the files can be as small as one-tenth the size of
lossless files.

A

MP3 (MPEG-1 Audio Layer III)

32
Q

take up very
little space and are good for streaming, especially over mobile devices. Requiring
less than 1 MB per minute of music and sounding better than MP3 at the same
bitrate, the AAC format is used by iTunes/Apple Music, YouTube, and Android.

A

Advanced Audio Coding, or AAC files (also known as MPEG-4 AAC),

33
Q

is the free, open-source audio codec that Spotify uses. It’s great for
streaming, but the compression results in some data loss. Experts consider it a
more efficient format than MP3, with better sound at the same bitrate

A

Ogg Vorbis

34
Q

offers lossless compression, and it’s free and
open-source.

A

Free Lossless Audio Codec (FLAC)

35
Q

allows for lossless compression, but it
works only on Apple devices

A

Apple’s Lossless Audio Codec (ALAC)

36
Q

(filename extension .ape) s slightly better to compress files
than FLAC and WavPack, but it requires more processing power.

A

Monkey’s Audio

37
Q

(filename extension .wv) is a free and open-source audio compression
format under the BSD license. In addition to the lossless compression, it has a
“hybrid” where it creates two files: a high-quality, lossy file (.wv) that can be used
stand-alone, and a “correction” file which, when combined with the lossy file,
provides full lossless restoration.

A

WavPack

38
Q

retains all the original data, which makes it the ideal
format for sound engineers. It can be 24-bit, 32-bit, all the way up to 192kHz
sample rate and even higher these days. WAV holds its time code if you’re
collaborating and sending files back and forth.

A

WAV (Waveform Audio File)

39
Q

Originally created by Apple, _______ files are like
WAV files in that they retain all of the original sound and take up more space than
MP3s. They can play on Macs and PCs, but they don’t hold time codes, so they’re
not as useful for editing and mixing.

A

AIFF (Audio Interchange File Format)

40
Q

is an uncompressed, high-resolution audio format.
These files encode sound using pulse-density modulation. They are very large,
with a sample rate as much as 64 times that of a regular audio CD, so they require
top-of-the-line audio systems

A

Direct Stream Digital (DSD)

Audio (3 decks)

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