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JNCIA > Device Management > Flashcards

Device Management Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two modes you might end up in when accessing a Juniper device?

A

Linux/BSD Shell
Operational Mode

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2
Q

Whats the console port for?

A

Local access via console cable

useful for first device setup when the device has no IP

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3
Q

Where does console port put you?

A

Puts you in the BSD/Linux Shell

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4
Q

What does Amnesiac mean?

A

Means the device has factory default config

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5
Q

How do you get to Operational mode from Shell?

A

“cli” command

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6
Q

Whats the management port for?

A

an OOB IP management port for CLI access - SSH or telnet

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7
Q

What are the common management interface names?

A

FXP0
EM0
ME0

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8
Q

what inband management options are there?

A

SSH, Telnet J-Web

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9
Q

What mode does SSH/Telnet put you in?

A

Operational mode

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10
Q

What is J-WEB?

A

Its a GUI for configuring a Juniper device.

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11
Q

What things do you need to enable J-web?

A
  • Root Password
  • An IP on a reachable interface
  • Enable web-management

“Set system services web-management https interface fxp0.0”

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12
Q

What APIs can be used to configure JUNOS?

A

Junos XML API
REST API
JET API

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13
Q

Whats the craic with the XML API?

A

Its Netconf. Junos made netconf.

All Junos CLI commands have an XML quilivent.

Executes XML RPC’s over netconf.

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14
Q

Whats the craic with REST?

A

Supports get and post. Get executes, post sends data.

Theres a web-based GUI where you can experiment and download data via ASCI, XML, or JSON

Backend wise, all rest queries are converted and executed as XML API.

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15
Q

Whats JET?

A

Juniper Extension Toolkit

Standards interface into Junos to allow people to customise or augment device functionality

Can run on or off-box.

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16
Q

When logging in, whats the difference between root and non root?

A

Root hits shell. non-root hits CLI

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17
Q

what does % in your CLI prompt mean?

A

Means you’re in shell.

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18
Q

What help options are there?

A

? - context sensitive completion.

help topic <topic> - like manpage explaining stuff.</topic>

help reference <command></command> - gives reference config and explanation.

help apropos <variable - gives a list of commands within the current hierarchy that use that variable.

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19
Q

How do you turn CLI completion off?

A

set cli complete-on-space off

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20
Q

What VT does the CLI use and why?

A

VT100 so arrow keys work

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21
Q

What are the EMACS commands?

A

Key combos to move around the CLI…

CTRL+B goes left one char
CTRL+F goes right one char
CTRL+A goes to the start of a line
CTRL+E goes to the end of a line
CTRL +D deletes the highlighted char
CTRL + K deletes the rest of the line
CTRL + U deletes all chars and the current command
CTRL + W = Deletes the word to the left
CTRL + L = redraws current line
CTRL + P and CTRL+N cycles through previous and next in the command history
ESC + D - Deletes word to the right
ESC + B - move back one word
Esc + F move forward one word

22
Q

How do you execute an operational mode command from config mode?

A

run.

23
Q

How do you configure config archival?

A

edit system archival
set transfer-on-commit
or
set transfer-on-interval <interval>
set archive-sites "scp://user@x.x.x.x" password "x" ##SECRET_DATA
or FTP or w/e</interval>

if more than 1 is listed it tries top down, and stops after successful archive.

24
Q

Archival configs… What are frequency options for interval?

A

15 to 2880 minutes (48h)

25
Q

where do archival log messages go?

A

/var/log/messages

26
Q

Where are archival configs put before they get backed up?

A

/var/transfer/config

27
Q

Where is syslog?

A

/var/log/messages

28
Q

In syslog, what are Facility and Severity?

A

Facility defines the class of log
Severity determines the logging detail

29
Q

where is syslog configured/

A

edit system syslog
and
edit routing-options options syslog

30
Q

Whats the default max number and size of archive configs?

A

10 128k

31
Q

what does file <filename> do?</filename>

A

within syslog, it defines a new syslog file.

32
Q

what does files <n> do?</n>

A

defines max number of syslog files

33
Q

How do you add priority info to syslog entries?

A

edit system syslog file <file>
facility severity;
set explicit-priority</file>

34
Q

syslog priority. 7 high or low?

A

7 is low (debug)

35
Q

Where can trace outputs go?

A

into /var/log/<filename>
or syslog</filename>

over-ride with

edit system tracing
set destination-override syslog host 1.1.1.1

36
Q

How do you trace a protocol?

A

edit protocols <protocol> traceoptions
set file <file> size <size> files <num>
set flag event detail
set error detail</num></size></file></protocol>

37
Q

what happens when a tracefil hits max size?

A

gets named <file>0, the next one is <file>1, etc</file></file>

38
Q

how do you remove timestamps from a trace?

A

with hidden no-stamp option

39
Q

how do you trace an interface?

A

add the traceoptions parameters you want to

edit interfaces <name> traceoptions</name>

goes into /var/log/messages – cannot be changed
if you trace the whole interface proccess it goes into /var/log/dcd

40
Q

how do you view logs?

A

show log <file></file>

you can use “h” at a more page to see the prompt on how to navigate… search the file, etc

41
Q

easiest way to filter a logfile?

A

show log messages | match “suport info”..

ANDs
show log messages | match “kernel” | match “error”

ORs
show log messages | match “error|kernel|panic”

42
Q

What does monitor do?

A

watches for realtime log file entries…

43
Q

How do you use monitor?

A

show monitor <file> | match "something"</file>

44
Q

How do you stop monitor from outputting to screen?

A

ESC+Q

45
Q

how do you stop monitor?

A

monitor stop

46
Q

how do you stop a trace?

A

delete traceoptions

it deletes all traceoptions at that hierarchy.

47
Q

how do you clear and delete a logfile?

A

clear log <file>
file delete <file></file></file>

48
Q

What 4 NTP modes are supported?

A

Client, server, broadcast, and symmetric active

49
Q

How does NTP auth work?

A

no fucking clue. my head hurts.

Trusted key, authentication key, and server key. something.

50
Q

How can you see NTP connections?

A

show ntp associations

  • or O to the right of the host IP= good
51
Q

how do you do a mib walk from CLI?

A

show snmp mib walk <mib></mib>

JNCIA (21 decks)

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