Deveolpment Of Oppositon

Question 1

Describe the liberal opposition befor 1894

Answer 1

Comprised of a small group of people- mainly educated Russians who wanted Russia to return to its superiority (slavophiles) and the other wanted Russia to reform similar to the west ( westernisers)

Question 2

WHere did the liberal opposition move to during the ‘modernisation of Russia?

Answer 2

They moved into the zemtva

Question 3

The _____ ________ constitution would have increased the zemtva status infleunce and power

Answer 3

Loris melkanov

Question 4

The hope and disappointment of AII reforms coupled with the repress E nature of his alter years and his son AIII solidified the demands for ________

Answer 4

Change

Question 5

What were the hopes and motives for the moderate opposition

Answer 5

• wanted more national power

- wanted to reform the autocracy alongside the tsar

Question 6

What happed in 1891-92 the increased the support for the zemtva

Answer 6

The great famine

Question 7

WHt did the zemtva do during the Great famine

Answer 7

Helped the local communities by providing food and relief work for the peasantry where the tsar did not

Question 8

Who and wat were the ‘early radical thinkers’

Answer 8

• Karl Marx (Marxism)

- Herzen shared popularise ideas of a peasant based society

Question 9

What was the Tchaikovsky circle

Answer 9

Set up in 1868-69

It organised published and printed revolutionary works

Question 10

Who and what where the populists

Answer 10

• people from the intelligentsia who travelled to the countryside to persuade the peasants to rise up and revolt against the tsar (1874 2000 people)
• they even attamepted to dress like the peasants
• they failed. Met with peasant hostility, ignorance and loyalty to the tsar

Question 11

Despite the immediate failures of the nardoniks (populism) what did it succeed to do?

Answer 11

• 1st sign of an organised radical opposition

- made the gov more aware of the opposition

Question 12

Who & what were the ‘land and liberty’

Answer 12

Set up in 1877

They were a disjointed group who had many different ideas
- some whate dot work with the peasants (similar to populism) but in a les obstructive way

• some wanted to assassinate people in the gov

Question 13

What was one of the assassinations that ‘land and liberty’ mADE?

Answer 13

General Mezemtev - Head of the 3rd section

Question 14

what 2 groups did the Land and liberty split into ?

Answer 14

1. Black repartition - peaceful organisation that worked with the zemtva and the peasantry
   - weakened by arrests in 1880-1
2. The peoples will - violent methods and aimed to undermine the gov by doing assainations of officials
   - planted a spy in the 3rd section
   - Assainated AII in 1881

Question 15

what was the reaction for the the tsar to the radical opposition?

Answer 15

• after the assaination of AII security was stepped up and the tsar was aware of the attempts being made on his life
• As a result he tightened control causing these groups to go underground but they did not stop.
• ‘self education’ systems were set up that translated foreign socialist writings

Question 16

Summary

Answer 16

Opposition move meets developed a lot form being peoples thoughts to actual groups that could plant spies, assassinate and persuaded the tsar to sign a constitution giving them more power.

Massive changes were beginning to take root in Russia