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DT > developments in new materials 1.3 > Flashcards

developments in new materials 1.3 Flashcards

1
Q

what is a modern material

A

a material that has been engineered to have improved properties

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2
Q

examples of modern materials

A

Concrete, aluminium and steel, graphene, titanium, metal foams

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3
Q

properties of graphene

A

single carbon layer material
very strong, 100x stronger than steel
light
good conductor of heat and electricity
used in tennis rackets

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4
Q

properties of titanium

A
  • corrosion resistant
  • high strength to weight ratio
  • difficult and therefore expensive to machine
  • used for bone replacements, bikes, ships, armour
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5
Q

properties of metal foams

A

metal foam is a metal that contains many gas filled spaces which make it LIGHTWEIGHT
stiff
tough
strong under compression
used in lightweight car parts(as they can absorb shock) and bone implants

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6
Q

what are LCDs? and what are their properties?

A

Liquid crystal display

used in flat screen displays
thin
lightweight
energy efficient
originally used in calculators
high definition displays

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6
Q

properties of nanomaterials

A

made out of nanoparticles

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7
Q

how do LCDs work in a display

A

the liquid crystals used in the display are made of a mixture of chemicals
when an electrical current is passed through, the crystal shape is modified
this changes the image seen on the screen

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8
Q

examples of titanium uses

A

Drill bits
bicycles
golf clubs
watches and laptop computers
medical implants
jewellery
manufacturing aircraft and spacecraft

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9
Q

examples of graphene

A

can be used in solar panels and batteries

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10
Q

examples of metal foam uses

A

vehicles (absorb high impacts effectively)

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11
Q

uses for LCD’s

A

watches
clocks
microwaves
flat screen televisions
computer monitors
satellite navigation systems

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12
Q

uses of nanomaterials

A

creams, deodorants and sun creams
computer chips
sports equipment
clothing (antibacterial properties reduce sweat absorption)

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13
Q

uses of thermochromic pigments

A

babies feeding spoons, so parents know the food isn’t too hot
baby toys for in the bath

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14
Q

uses of coated metals

A

Structures.
Automotive components.
Fasteners

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15
Q

properties of coated metals

A

iron and steel can be galvanised to prevent rusting, they can also be electroplated

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16
Q

what is a smart material

A

materials that change their properties in response to a stimuli

17
Q

what are thermochromic pigments

A

used in colour changing products, they react to temperature
- when temperature increases, the product changes colour, the colour changes back when the object returns to its original temperature

17
Q

what are shape memory alloys

A

metal alloys that can remember their shape when heated

17
Q

examples of shape memory alloys

A

fire alarms
electrical door locks
glasses frames

18
Q

what are photochromic pigments

A

things that change colour in response to light

19
Q

examples of photochromic pigments

A

lenses in sunglasses that change depending on the level of light
photochromic inks on clothing

20
Q

properties of Teflon

A

both water and oil do not stick to the Teflon coated articles.
it has a high melting point i.e. 327 ∘ C which means there is no effect of high temperatures on it.
it is easier to clean Teflon coated articles.

21
Q

uses of Teflon

A

kitchen utensils(non stick pans)

22
Q

properties of GRP (Glass reinforced plastic)

A

Glass fibres coated in thermosetting plastic resin
strong
tough
heat resistant
easy to mould into complex shapes

22
Q

uses of corn starch polymers

A

air bags
packaging

22
Q

properties of corn starch polymers

A

Food safe and resistant to food fats and oils.
Good for print applications.
Low flammability.
Resistant to UV rays from the sun.
biodegradable
Recyclable

23
Q

examples of composite materials

A

Glass reinforced plastic (GRP)
Carbon-fibre reinforced plastic (CRP)

23
Q

what are composite materials

A

a combination of two or more materials to improve properties

24
Q

uses of GRP

A

Boats
-Kayaks
PCBs
Surfboards

25
Q

properties of CRP (carbon-fibre reinforced plastics)

A

Carbon fibres coated in thermosetting plastic resin
lighter, tougher, stronger than GRP
more expensive

26
Q

CRP uses

A

protective helmets
bulletproof vests
racing cars
sports equipment
-laptops

27
Q

what are technical textiles

A

enhanced fabrics, designed to be functional

28
Q

properties of Kevlar

A

High Tensile Strength.
Lightweight.
Heat Resistance.
Chemical Resistance
Low Conductivity

29
Q

Kevlar uses

A

bulletproof vests
motorcyclist clothing
used to reinforce tyres

30
Q

properties of Nomex

A

fire resistant
cant be washed or worn away
used in firefighters and racing drivers clothing

31
Q

uses of nomex

A

protective clothing (fire service & military)
racing suits
aerospace applications

32
Q

properties of micro encapsulation fabrics

A

insect repellent
odour neutraliser
chemical coated in shells then embedded in fabric

33
Q

uses of micro encapsulation fabrics

A

antibacterial socks

34
Q

properties of conductive fabrics

A

fibres that can conduct electricity

35
Q

uses of conductive fabrics

A

used to integrate electronics into clothing and in touchscreen gloves

DT (5 decks)

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