Developments in Africa Flashcards
When did the leftists gain independence to Angola?
1974 April
What was the coalition government in Angola called?
MPLA
What was the nationalist party in Angola called?
FNLA
When did foreign intervention begin and what with?
June 1974
- Chinese sent 120 military advisors to FNLA
What did USA provide to FNLA in Jan 1975?
$300,000 in covert funding
Why did US support FNLA in Angola?
Undermining the MPLA as they were receiving aid and arms from the USSR alongside Cuba
What did Kissinger persuade Ford in July 1975?
Sent $25 million in supplies and $16 million in arms to FNLA
Who did the FNLA also gain support by?
South Africa
How many Cuban troops did the MPLA have by Jan 76?
12,000
When did MPLA win in Angola?
March 76
What was the death toll in Angola?
1 million
How many Cuban troops in Angola by 1988?
52,000
What was the impact of Angola on USSR and Cuba relations?
October 76’
- Ratified twenty-year Treaty of Friendship
- Strengthened alliance
Impact of Angola on Cuba
Allowed ideological move and also to portray them as a leader of revolutionary movements
- Established themselves further as an international helper in revolution, more than the USSR
How did Soviets support MPLA?
Airlifted 20,000 Cuban troops to support them
When did conflict in Ethiopia break out?
July 1977
What happened regarding Ethiopian leaders in 1974?
Ethiopian emperor Haile Selassie overthrown by Haile Mariam - Marxist Leninst dictatorship
What was Haile Mariam’s aim?
Appeal to USSR and Cuba for support on ideological grounds
USSR and Somalia during Ethiopia
SU initially supporting Somali but withdrew
What did Castro do in Ethiopia November 1977?
Sent troops
How many Cuban troops in Ethiopia by Feb 1978?
15,000
When did Ethiopian conflict end?
March 1978
What did the USA accuse USSR of during Ethiopia?
Using Cuba in order to extend its own power and influence in Africa
How did Ethiopia influence USA-Cuba relations?
Any form of developing rapproachment damaged
- Sending aim alienated West
- Shame as Carter seemed to want detente so ruined this opportunity
