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PERDEV > Developmental Stages and Challenges Among Adolescents > Flashcards

Developmental Stages and Challenges Among Adolescents Flashcards

1
Q

What is adolescence

A

A period of life in which a child dramatically shifts into an adult

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2
Q

What is development

A

Change that begins at conception and continues through life span

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3
Q

Changes will always ____

A

occur

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4
Q

What are the principles of development

A
  • Sequential and lifelong
  • Plastic
  • Holistic and multidimensional
  • Growth, maintenance, and regulation of loss
  • Co-construction of biology, culture and individual
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5
Q

Briefly explain the 5 principles of development

A

Sequential and lifelong - Development is always visible throughout your life

Plastic - How you can adapt/cope up to changes in your life

Holistic and multidimensional - No single criteria

Growth, maintenance, and regulation of loss - No practice will result to loss

Co-construction of biology, culture and individual - Environment changes

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6
Q

What are the domains of development

A

Physical, Socio-Emotional, Cognitive, Moral

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7
Q

Define the physical domain of development

A

Biological changes, genital stage, puberty

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8
Q

Define the socio-emotional domain of development

A

changes in the way we express ourselves through emotions

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9
Q

What age does our brain fully develop

A

21-22 years old

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10
Q

What can affect your brain development

A

Drinking & unhealthy lifestyle

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11
Q

Which domain of development is when Sexual energy is directed to others

A

Physical

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12
Q

Which domain of development is when adolescents Embrace or conflict their identity (identity crisis)

A

Socio-emotional

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13
Q

Which domain of development is when adolescents are loyal to an ideology and their primary social influence are their peers

A

Socio-emotional

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14
Q

What are the Four Statuses of Identity according to Marcia

A
  1. Identity Diffusion
  2. Identity Foreclose
  3. Identity Moratorium
  4. Identity Achievement
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15
Q

What does identity diffusion mean

A

lacks interest

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16
Q

What does Identity Foreclose mean

A

has commitment but no alternative

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17
Q

What does Identity Moratorium mean

A

no commitment but has alternatives

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18
Q

What does Identity Achievement mean

A

solid outline

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19
Q

What is identity achievement composed of

A

Crisis - period of exploring alternatives

Commitment - personal investment in identity

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20
Q

Define the cognitive domain of development

A

thinking change

21
Q

Which domain of development is when adolescents understand abstract principles which have no physical reference

A

Cognitive

22
Q

Which domain of development is when adolescents know how to use logic and are thinking about the possibilities

A

Cognitive

23
Q

Define the moral domain of developmeny

A

Learning about the wrongs and rights more as we grow

24
Q

Define Pre Conventional Stage in moral domain of development

A

Lowest level of moral reasoning; Moral thinking is set to whether there is a reward or a punishment

25
Q

Define Conventional Stage in moral domain of development

A

Individuals abide by certain standards (came from others); or doing it because it’s against a rule

26
Q

Define Post Conventional Stage in moral domain of development

A

internal; individuals may reason that values, rights, and principles transcend the law; Evaluate the validity of actual laws

27
Q

Who made the theory about Moral development

A

Lawrence Kohlberg

28
Q

Who developed the psychosocial stages of development

A

Erik Erikson

29
Q

What happens during the stages of development

A

Social interactions are the primary human motivation

30
Q

If you overcome a crisis, _____

A

A healthier development will happen

31
Q

In the stages of development, either you’ll feel _____ or _______

A

vulnerable, more potent

32
Q

Overcoming/failing a crisis will _____

A

Affect the next stage of your life

33
Q

What is the 1st stage of development according to Erik Erikson and what age does this stage happen

A

Trust vs Mistrust (Infant-1 year old)

34
Q

What is the 2nd stage of development according to Erik Erikson and what age does this stage happen

A

Autonomy vs Shame and Doubt (1-3 years old)

35
Q

What is the 3rd stage of development according to Erik Erikson and what age does this stage happen

A

Initiative vs Guilt (3-5 years old)

36
Q

What is the 4th stage of development according to Erik Erikson and what age does this stage happen

A

Industry vs Inferiority (6-10 years old)

37
Q

What is the 5th stage of development according to Erik Erikson and what age does this stage happen

A

Identity vs Identity Confusion (10-20 years old)

38
Q

What is the 6th stage of development according to Erik Erikson and what age does this stage happen

A

Intimacy vs Isolation (20-30 years old)

39
Q

What is the 7th stage of development according to Erik Erikson and what age does this stage happen

A

Generativity vs Stagnation (40-50 years old)

40
Q

What is the 8th stage of development according to Erik Erikson and what age does this stage happen

A

Integrity vs Despair (60 years old)

41
Q

How many stages of development are there according to Erik Erikson

A

8

42
Q

Define Trust vs Mistrust (Infant – 1 year old)

A

Basic trust – too much trust might make us gullible

Basic mistrust – If no adequate care, it will result to anger

43
Q

Define Autonomy vs Shame and Doubt (1-3 years old)

A

Autonomy – belief in themselves

Shame and doubt – self-conscious with the surroundings

44
Q

Define Initiative vs Guilt (3-5 years old)

A

Initiative – pursuit of goals (freedom to let them select for themselves)

Guilt – too much restrictions (repression) will result to over inhibition

45
Q

Define Industry vs Inferiority (6-10 years old)

A

Industry – determination to become busy to achieve something

Inferiority – if work is insufficient, they start to question their capabilities and will feel inadequate

46
Q

Define Identity vs Identity Confusion (10-20 years old)

A

Adolescent Egocentrism - enter a world of hypothetical possibilities that heightens of self-focus

Personal Fable - Belief that one is invulnerable to harm, might engage in risky behavior

Imaginary audience - Adolescents believe that everyone is concerned/focused on what they do

47
Q

Define Intimacy vs Isolation (20-30 years old)

A

Intimacy – mutual trust with others; to build relationships

Isolation – incapacity to take chances

48
Q

Define Generativity vs Stagnation (40-50 years old)

A

Generativity – establishing for the next generation

Stagnation – too self-indulgent

49
Q

Define Integrity vs Despair (60 years old)

A

Integrity – questions on what they have already achieved

Despair – loses meaning in life

PERDEV (2 decks)

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