Developmental Stages Flashcards
In infants when does the birth weight double and triple?
Doubles at 6 months
triples at 12 months
When does birth weight increase by 50%?
12 months
When does the posterior fontanel close?
8 weeks
When does the infant turn its head to locate sounds?
3 months
Moro reflex disappears when?
4 months
Steady head control achieved at what age?
4 months
When does baby rstart to roll?
5-6 months (also when they play week a boo
Transfers objects from hand to hand (baby) when?
7 months
When does a baby develope stranger anxiety?
7-9 months
A baby sits unsupported at what age?
8 months
When does a baby begin to crawl?
10 months
Fine pincer grasp appears at what age?
10-12 months
When do babies wave bye bye?
10 months
When do babies walk with assistance?
10-12 months
When can a baby say a few words in addition to “mama” or “dada”?
12 months
What is Erickson’s theory for an infant? (birth-1 year)?
Trust vs. Mistrust
What are some nursing implications when an infant is in the hospital?
- Infant’s emerging skills may disappeear.
- If parents are not present, baby may be inconsolable due to seperation anxiety (7-9months)
- Encourage parents to be a part of care.
- Implement components from home.
- Teaching and prep should be directed to family; however, always speak to infant esp. while performing painful or stressful procedures.
What are appropriate toys fro an infant?
Mobiles rattles squeaky toys picture books balls blocks activity boxes
When does birth length double?
4 years
When does child achieve 50% of adult height?
2 years
When can a child use scissors?
4 years
When does a child tie his or her shoes?
5 years
Temper tantrums are common in the toddler
normal behavior
What are the ages of a toddler?
1-3 yrs
When are all primary teeth present?
(20) as a toddler
When does the anterior fontanel close?
12-18 months or 1-1.5 yrs old
When can kids throw a ball overhanded?
18 months
When can a child kick a ball?
24 months
When does a toddler feed self with spoon and cup?
2 yrs
When can toilet training start?
2 yrs
When are 2-3 word sentences spoken by?
2 yrs
When are 3-4 word sentences spoken by?
3 yrs
What is Erickson’s theory for a toddler?
Autonomy vs. Doubt and shame
Nursing implications for a toddler?
- simple, brief explanations before procedure
- don’t seperate from parents
- security objects should be provided
- teach parents to explain their plans to the child
- implement rutine
- expect regression (bed wetting)
- Toddlers are learning body parts and become concerned about them.
- Autonomy- provide guided choices
What are appropriate toys for a toddler?
board and mallet push-pull toys toy phones stuffed animals stoybooks/pics take to playroom b/c mobility is important
Non pharmacological intervention for toddlers and preschoolers?
books, music, tv, bubbles
nonpharm intervention for school ages kids?
guided imagery, massage, heat or cold pack, deep breathing exercises
What is the normal urinary output for infants and children?
1-2ml/kg/hr
What are the ages of a preschool child?
4-6 (sometimes 3)
how much does the preschooler gain in weight and height each year?
5 lbs and 2.5-3 inches
What activities can a preschooler do?
run, jump, skip, hop
When does a child tie their shoes?
5 years
When does a child learn colors and shapes?
3-5 yrs
When does a child’s vision approach 20/20?
3-6
When does a child learn sexual identity?
3-6yrs
When can masturbation begin?
3-6 years/preschooler
What is Erickson’s therory for toddlers? 3-6yrs
Initiative vs. guilt
Nursing implications for preschoolers?
- Explain they did not cause illness and painful procedures are not a punishment.
- simple words/answers
- Medical play allos child to act out experiences is helpful
- Fear of mutilation (Bandaid)
- Prep for procedure: Understand what IS and is NOT being fixed. Simple explanatiions and pics. Handle equipment or models.
Appropriate toys for preschoolers (3-6)
coloring books, puzzles, cutting and pasting, dolls, blocks, clay.
What are the ages for school children?
6-12 yrs
As a school age child how much do they gain in weight and height?
4-6 lbs and 2 in in ht.
When can a girl start her period?
6-12 years
When can a child script?
8rs
When can they dress themselves completely?
6-12yrs
When does a child begin to understand time, past, present, future, cause and effect?
6-12 yrs (school-age)
When does socialization with pears become important?
6-12 years
What is Erickson’s theory for school ages children (6-12yrs)?
Industry (meaning they like to do and accomplish things) vs. inferiority
Nursing Implications fro the school aged child?
- Contact with peers and school activities
- explain all procedures…verbal, pics, books, and handeling.
- Privacy and modesty are important
- Participate in care and planning
Toys appropriate for school ages child (6-12)?
games, cards, hobbies, puzzles, video games
What are the ages of an adolescent?
12-19
When are boys growths spurts?
14 yo
When do girls usually finish growth? boys?
15, 17 yo
What is erickson’s theory for adolescents?
identity vs. role confusion
nursing implications for adolescent?
- maintain contact with school and piers
- share room with other adolescents
- Things that alter their body image is considered devestating
- Teaching- some with and some without parents. If with parents then it should be directed to child.
- Parents rooming in is discouraged
- When teaching adolescents the focus is on “how will it effect them today”
