DEVELOPMENTAL SHORT

Question 1

Stepping reflex present?

Answer 1

Birth - 6 weeks

Question 2

Palmar grasp present?

Answer 2

Birth - 3 months

Question 3

Moro reflex present?

Answer 3

Birth - 4 months
Asymmetry: birth injury
Absence: intracranial or spinal pathology, hypotonia
Persistence beyond 6 months: pathology of cerebral or pyramidal tract (CP)

Question 4

Rooting reflex present?

Answer 4

Birth - 4 months (awake) 6 months (asleep)

Question 5

Asymmetric Tonic Neck Reflex present?

Answer 5

2 months - 6 months

Persistence indicative of CP

Question 6

Landau reflex present?

Answer 6

From 4 months for extension from prone

From 9 months for flexion of hips

Question 7

Parachute reflex present?

Answer 7

From 6-12 months and persists for life

Question 8

Gross and fine motor skills, social and language skills for a 3 month old?

Answer 8

Full head control & can lift head to 90deg when prone
Visual following past midline, brings hands to midline
Babbles
Smiles responsively and is excited by food

Question 9

Gross and fine motor skills, social and language skills for a 6 month old?

Answer 9

No head lag, can roll and sit unsupported
Transfers block from hand to hand, mouths toys
Responds to name, friendly to everyone

Question 10

Gross and fine motor skills, social and language skills for a 9 month old?

Answer 10

Crawls, pulls tp stand and stands with support
Bangs 2 blocks together, pincer grip larger objects
Mama/Dada, plays peekaboo

Question 11

Gross and fine motor skills, social and language skills for a 12 month old?

Answer 11

Cruises
Put block in a cup, pincer grip
5 words, waves and claps

Question 12

Gross and fine motor skills, social and language skills for a 18 month old?

Answer 12

Walks well, climb stairs with help, throw ball overhead
Stack 3 blocks, scribble
10 words, can point to 1 body part/picture
Drink from cup

Question 13

Gross and fine motor skills, social and language skills for a 2 year old?

Answer 13

Confidently run and climb stairs alone
Stack 6 blocks, hand preference
50-200 words, follows 1 step command
Feeds self with spoon, turn page of book, parallel play

Question 14

Gross and fine motor skills, social and language skills for a 3 year old?

Answer 14

Tiptoe, 2 feet jump
9 blocks, can draw a circle
3 word sentences, can say name and age
Eats with fork and spoon, can put on clothes

Question 15

Gross and fine motor skills, social and language skills for a 4 year old?

Answer 15

Balance on one leg/hop
Draw a square, do up a button
Dresses
Asks why/how

Question 16

Gross and fine motor skills, social and language skills for a 5 year old?

Answer 16

Runs up stairs, skips
Draw a triangle
Tells stories
Can dress without supervision

Question 17

Ddx for isolated speech delay?

Answer 17

Hearing impairment (conductive or SNHL)
Autism
Down syndrome
Social - neglect, abuse

Question 18

Ddx for motor development delay?

Answer 18

Ataxia
Hemiplegia
Hypotonia
Neuromuscular disorders

Question 19

Ddx for global development delay?

Answer 19

Cerebral malformations
Chromosomal disorders
Intruterine infection
Perinatal insult
Grey matter disorders - gangliosidoses, niemann-pick
White matter disorders - MLD, ALD