Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Developmental Psychology > Developmental Psychology Unit 2 > Flashcards

Developmental Psychology Unit 2 Flashcards

(72 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What happens to a child’s appetite between 2 and 6?

A

Reduced appetite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How are gross motor skills acquired?

A

Practice, feedback, and involvement of learner

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Secondary prevention

A

Actions that avert harm in a high-risk situation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Primary prevention

A

Actions that change overall background conditions to prevent some unwanted event or circumstance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Tertiary prevention

A

Actions limiting damage after an adverse event

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

A 6-year-old’s brain is what percent of the adult brain’s weight?

A

90%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Myelination

A

Ability to generate several thoughts in rapid succession

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Preoperational intelligence

A

Piaget’s 2nd period of cognitive development between ages 2-6, includes language and imagination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Static reasoning

A

Nothing changes, whatever is now has always been and always will be

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Symbolic thought

A

An object or word can stand for something else, including something out of sight or imagined

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Animism

A

Belief that natural objects are alive and that nonhuman animals have the same characteristics as the child

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Centration

A

Tendency to focus on one aspect of a situation to the exclusion of all others

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Egocentrism

A

Tendency to think about the world entirely from own perspective

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Focus on appearance

A

Tendency to focus on appearance to the exclusion of other attributes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Irreversibility

A

Thing cannot be restored to the way it was before a change occurred

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Conservation

A

Notion that the amount of something remains the same despite changes in its appearance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

According to Vygotsky, a child’s first mentor is who?

A

Parent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Zone of proximal development

A

Intellectual arena in which new ideas and skills can be mastered

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Scaffolding

A

A sensitive support for new ideas and skills

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Guided participation

A

Child interacts with a mentor to accomplish a task

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Private speech

A

Internal dialogue that occurs when people talk to themselves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Executive function

A

Cognitive ability to organize and prioritize the many thoughts that arise from various parts of the brain, allowing the person to anticipate, strategize, and plan behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Industry vs. inferiority

A

Children attempt to master many skills; 4th stage 6-11

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Initiative vs. guilt

A

Young children undertake new skills and activities and feel guilty when they do not succeed at them; 3rd stage 2-6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Emotional regulation
Ability to control when and how emotions are expressed
26
Imaginary friends are an example of?
Intrinsic motivation
27
Authoritarian parenting
Characterized by high behavioral standards, strict punishment of misconduct, and little communication from child to parent
28
Permissive parenting
Characterized by high nurturance and communication but little discipline, guidance, or control
29
Authoritative parenting
Characterized by parents setting limits and enforcing rules but are flexible and listen to their children
30
Neglectful/uninvolved parenting
Characterized by parents seeming indifferent toward their children, not knowing or caring about their children's lives
31
Prosocial behavior
Actions that are helpful and kind but that are of no obvious benefit to the person doing them
32
Instrumental aggression
Hurtful behavior that is intended to get something that another person has
33
Reactive aggression
An impulsive retaliation for another person's intentional or accidental hurtful action
34
Relational aggression
Nonphysical acts, such as insults or social rejection, aimed at harming the social connection between the victim and other people
35
Bullying aggression
Unprovoked, repeated physical or verbal attack, especially on victims who are unlikely to defend themselves
36
Antipathy
Feelings of dislike or even hatred for another person
37
Gender binary
Idea that gender comes in two forms, male and female
38
Gender similarities hypothesis
Idea that our human emphasis on sex differences blinds us to the reality that the sexes have far more in common than traditional theories recognize
39
Id
Instinctive, unconscious, pleasure principle
40
Ego
Rational, conscious, reality principle
41
Superego
Moral, conscience/subconscious, morality principle
42
Oedipal complex
Boy's desire for sexual involvement with mother and a sense of rivalry with father
43
Electra complex
Girl's attraction to father and a sense of competition with mother
44
Benefits of physical activity
Advances physical, emotional, and mental health
45
Which statement about the difference between a 4-year-old and a 9-year-old is true?
A 9-year-old can use mental categories more flexibly, inductively, and simultaneously, whereas a 4-year-old is unable to do so
46
Concrete operational thought
Ability to reason logically about direct experiences and perceptions; 6-11
47
Knowledge base
Broad body of knowledge in a particular subject
48
Information processing theory
How our brains filter and embed information
49
Metacognition
Awareness and understanding of one's own thought processes
50
Working memory
Memory that is active at any given moment
51
Childhood obesity
BMI above 95th percentile for children of a particular age
52
Asthma
A chronic disease of the respiratory system in which inflammation narrows the airways from the nose and mouth to the lungs, causing difficulty in breathing
53
More than people of any other age, children between the ages of 6 and 11 are?
Industrious, practicing skills valued by their culture
54
Latency
Freud's period of reduced sexuality; 6-11
55
Child culture
Customs, rules, and rituals that are passed down to younger children from older children, with no thought about the origins or implicaitons
56
Family function
How the people in a family actually care for each other
57
Family structure
Legal and genetic relationships among relatives living in the same home
58
Extended family
Relatives in addition to parents and children who live in one household
59
Family-stress model
Holds that any risk factor damages a family if, and only if, it increase stress on the parents, making them less patient and responsive to the children
60
Aggressive-rejected
Disliked because they are antagonistic and confrontational
61
Withdrawn-rejected
Disliked because they are timid and anxious
62
Preconventional moral reasoning
Kohlberg's first level of moral reasoning, emphasizing rewards and punishment
63
Conventional moral reasoning
Kohlberg's second level of moral reasoning, emphasizing social rules
64
Postconventional moral reasoning
Kohlberg's third level of moral reasoning, emphasizing moral principles
65
According to the text, what method is MOST effective in stopping bullying in schools?
Have children talk to the bully instead of adults
66
Self-concept
Idea about themselves
67
ADHD
Condition characterized by a persistent pattern of inattention and/or by hyperactive or impulsive behaviors
68
Specific learning disorder
Problems that cause low achievement in reading, math, or writing not marked by a physical or intellectual disability, or by an unusually stressful home environment
69
Dyslexia
Unusual difficulty with reading
70
Dyscalculia
Unusual difficulty with math
71
Dysgraphia
Difficulty in writing
72
Autism
Marked by difficulty with social communication and interaction

Developmental Psychology (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions