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RGO Review > Developmental Psychology Rationalization > Flashcards

Developmental Psychology Rationalization Flashcards

1
Q

The reflex used by researchers to conclude that hearing is almost fully developed at birth is

A

Sucking reflex

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2
Q

What study supported the idea that infants can hear prenatally

A

“Cat in the Hat study”

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3
Q

It occurs after the sole of the foot has been firmly stroked

A

Babinski/Plantar Reflex

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4
Q

Sense/s that are fully developed at birth

A

Smell, Taste, Touch and Pain

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5
Q

Sense/s that are almost fully developed at birth

A

Hearing

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6
Q

Sense/s that are poorly developed at birth

A

Vision

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7
Q

“The relation of the child to the object early on in life serves as the prototype for later interpersonal relationships”

A

Melanie Klein

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8
Q

This theorist originally proposed a critical period of 2 and a half years for the child to form an attachment, but later on revised and proposed a sensitive period of five years

A

John Bowlby

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9
Q

is known for “Psychological Birth”

A

Margaret Mahler

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10
Q

known for the stages of Separation Anxiety

A

John Bowlby

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11
Q

known for “Imprinting”

A

Konrad Lorenz

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12
Q

the strict span of years that you need to develop a milestone, else there are no more chances for the milestone to develop

A

Critical Period

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13
Q

Critical period for a child to form attachment according to John Bowlby

A

5 years

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14
Q

Also known as “Window of opportunity”

A

Sensitive Period

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15
Q

is less rigid and has a larger span to develop the milestone, and even if the span of time has been missed, there will be other opportunities to meet the milestone later on

A

Sensitive Period

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16
Q

a complex set of reflexes and signaling behavior that bring out behaviors that bring about caregiving responses from adults.

A

Attachment Behavior System

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17
Q

A stage of separation anxiety wherein upon the disappearance of the caregivers the infant will cry, and will resists soothing from others

A

Protest

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18
Q

A stage of separation anxiety wherein when the separation is prolonged, the infant becomes quiet, sad, passive, and apathetic

A

Despair

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19
Q

A stage of separation anxiety wherein the infants become emotionally detached from other people.

A

Detachment

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20
Q

It refers to the reproductive success of the species from one generation to another

A

Law of Natural Selection

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21
Q

He proposed that natural selection is referred to as survival of the fittest in which organisms that are stronger and at the top of the chain have the better chance of surviving

A

Herbert Spencer

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22
Q

The law of natural selection has been referred to by spencer as:

A

Principle of survival of the fittest

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23
Q

Stages of Psychological Birth

A

Normal Autism
Normal Symbiosis
Separation-Individuation

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24
Q

A stage of psychological birth wherein the newborn infant satisfies various needs within the all-powerful protective orbit of a mother’s care

A

Normal Autism

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25
Q

span of time for the “Normal Autism Stage”

A

birth to 3-4 weeks

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26
Q

Likened to an unhatched bird egg (Psychological Birth)

A

Normal Autism

27
Q

A stage of psychological birth wherein the infant behaves and functions as though he and his mother were on omnipotent system

A

Normal Symbiosis

28
Q

a dual unity within one common boundary. The shell is now beginning to crack (Psychological Birth)

A

Normal Symbiosis

29
Q

The span of time for the “Normal Symbiosis” stage

A

4-5 weeks to 4-5 months

30
Q

A stage of psychological birth wherein children becomes psychologically separated from their mothers, achieve a sense of individuation and identity

A

Separation-Individuation

31
Q

Stages of Separation-Individuation

A

Differentiation
Practicing
Rapprochement
Libidinal Object Constancy

32
Q

Stage of Separation-Individuation wherein the body breaks away from the mother-infant symbiotic relationship. Begins to display responses indicative of recognition of the mother

A

Differentiation

33
Q

Stage of Separation-Individuation wherein infants begin to move away from their mothers due to increased autonomous functions, but keeps a close distance

A

Practicing

34
Q

Stage of Separation-Individuation wherein children must develop a constant inner representation of their mother so that they can tolerate being physically separate from her

A

Libidinal Object Constancy

35
Q

Elements of preoperational thought

A

Pretend Play
Egocentrism
Centration, not conservation
Animism
Artificialism
Transductive reasoning

36
Q

Learn and represent learning

A

Pretend Play

37
Q

Belief that other people have same thoughts/perceptions they do

A

Egocentrism

38
Q

focusing on only one characteristic of an object to the exclusion of others

A

Centration, not conservation

39
Q

Belief that inanimate objects are capable of actions and have lifelike qualities

A

Animism

40
Q

Belief that environmental characteristics can be attributed to human actions or interventions

A

Artificialism

41
Q

Inferring connections between unrelated situations

A

Transductive reasoning

42
Q

Jean Piaget’s Moral Reasoning

A

Moral Reasoning
Heteronomous Morality
Autonomous Morality

43
Q

the application of principles of logic to moral issues in order to decide which actions are right or wrong, just or unfair

A

Moral reasoning

44
Q

rules are understood as fixed, unchangeable aspects of social reality (subordination to authority)

A

Heteronomous morality

45
Q

children see riles as products of cooperative agreements

A

Autonomous Morality

46
Q

Neo-Piagetians conceptualized

A

Theory of central conceptual structures

47
Q

Contexts of development

A

Normative age-graded influences
Normative history-graded influences
Normative sociocultural-graded influences
Nonnormatiave influences

48
Q

changes experienced by people in a certain age group

A

Normative age-graded influences

49
Q

changes experienced by people alive at a certain time

A

Normative history-graded influences

50
Q

social and cultural factors present at a particular time

A

Normative sociocultural-graded influences

51
Q

individual experiences

A

Nonnormative experiences

52
Q

the ______________ emphasizes the central role of experience in the learning process.

A

Experiential Learning Theory

53
Q

The four-stage process of Experiential Learning theory

A

Concrete Learning
Reflective Observation
Abstract Conceptualization
Active Experimentation

54
Q

In ELT , prefers to work in groups, listening with an open mind and receiving personalized feedback

A

Diverging

55
Q

In ELT , prefers reading, lectures, and exploring analytical models

A

Assimilating

56
Q

In ELT , prefers to experiment with new ideas, simulations, and lab experiments.

A

Converging

57
Q

In ELT, prefers to do field work, and test our different approaches to completing a project.

A

Accommodating

58
Q

process of socialization and personality development through the person’s participation in increasingly diverse and complex social roles

A

Social Role Theory

59
Q

this perspective offers a framework for understanding and explaining how changing societal conditions and social forces influence development through life

A

Life Course Theory

60
Q

It refers to the integration and sequencing of phases of education, work, and family life over time

A

Life Course Theory

61
Q

long-term path of one’s life experiences in a specific domain (work, studies, family life)

A

Trajectory

62
Q

component within the trajectory marked by the beginning or close of an event

A

Transition

63
Q
A

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