Developmental Psychology Flashcards
Sensitive periods
Periods of development during which we are more responsive to certain stimuli
Easier to learn at certain times
Ex) language is easier to learn as a kid
Reflexes
Stepping- walking
Rooting- brush baby’s face it turns that direction and opens mouth
Babinski- rub bottom of baby’s foot and their toes fan out then curl
Moro- if they feel they’re slipping they open their arms and then close them
Imitation
Mirror neurons
Freud drive reduction theory
Cupboard theory
Biological drives
If you feed them they get attached to you
Attachment: Bowlby
Innate Preprogrammed Innate- on both sides Evolutionary component Important for later development -- detachment (no bond w/ anyone)
Attachment: Harlow
Rhesus monkeys
Wire w/ feed apparatus vs cloth “mom”
Contact comfort
Ainsworth attachment styles
Secure
Resistant
Avoidant
Secure attachment
Highest throughout all cultures
Childs upset when parent leaves, stranger has no effect, reunion: child settled quickly
Anxious/Ambivalent attachment (Resistant)
Child upset when parent leaves, stranger has no effect, reunion: child doesn’t settle
Avoidant attachment
Child upset, stranger may have some impact, reunion: baby avoids parent and ignores them
Sensorimotor stage
Infant stage
Gather info through senses
Object permanence: object still exists even tho you can’t see it (6-9mo)
Mental representation: advance in cognition ex) banana used as phone
Preoperational stage
Early childhood 2-7yrs
Focus on one piece of info at a time
Egocentrism: don’t understand other perspectives
Lack conservation: can’t go through series of steps and then go backwards
Concrete operational stage
Middle childhood 7-11yrs
Master conservation: understand diff between sizes
Lack abstract and hypothetical thinking outside of reality
Formal operational stage
Adolescent -> Adult
Ability to think abstractly and hypothetically
Authoritarian parenting
Expect unquestioned obedience
Children withdrawn, anxious, and unhappy
Nothing less than an A is acceptable
Authoritative parenting
Best style of parenting
High but realistic and reasonable standards
Mature, happy, assertive children
Permissive parenting
Few rules or demands
Immature, impulsive, dependent children, don’t think rules apply to them at school
Parent wants to be their child’s friend
Uninvolved parenting
Don’t apply discipline and aren’t responsive
Lack self-control, low self-esteem, less competent
Don’t love their children, neglect, provide basics such as food and shelter but don’t care
Critical periods
Points in development when the body is ready to learn something. However if don’t learn, the ability may be lost
