Developmental Psychology Flashcards
Evaluate the following statements:
1st: The reflex used by researchers to conclude that hearing is almost fully developed at birth is moro reflex
2nd: Negative Babinski sign indicates normal development
3rd: Smell and taste are not developed at birth.
A. Only the first statement is correct.
B. Only the second statement is correct.
C. Only the third statement is correct.
D. All statements are correct.
B.
Explanation:
A - sucking reflex, not moro reflex
B - curl toe - negative babinski sign or plantar reflex is normal
C - all senses are developed at birth except sight
Who is the developmental theorist who most probably said this: “Give me a dozen healthy infants, well-formed, and my own specified world to bring them up in and I’ll guarantee to take any one at random and train him to become any type of specialist I might select…?”
John Watson
This theorist originally proposed a critical period of 2 and a half years for the child to form an attachment, but later on revised and proposed a sensitive period of five years.
John Bowlby
Which of the following is Darwin’s conception of the law of natural selection?
a. It refers to the reproductive success of the species from one generation to another
b. It is referred to as survival of the fittest, in which organisms who are stronger and at the top of the chain has the better chance of surviving.
c. It refers to the gradual change within the species over time.
d. It refers to the process of breaking away from an earlier evolutionary lineage and establishment of a new branch in the phylogenetic tree.
a. It refers to the reproductive success of the species from one generation to another
According to attachments theorists, the formation of attachment relationship generally follows five stages. Which among the following reflect the fourth stage?
a. Infant seeks physical proximity and contact wit objects of attachment
b. Infant forms internal mental representation of object of attachment, including expectations about the caregiver’s typical responses to signals of distress.
c. Infant uses sucking, rooting, grasping, smiling, gazing, cuddling, crying, and visual tracking to maintain closeness with caregivers.
d. Infant is more responsive to familiar figures that to strangers.
b. Infant forms internal mental representation of object of attachment, including expectations about the caregiver’s typical responses to signals of distress.
Which among the following is not true about Mahler’s conception of psychological birth?
a. Psychological birth refers to how the child become an individual separate from his/her primary caregiver.
b. The accomplishment of psychological birth leads ultimately to a sense of identity.
c. Psychological birth takes place during the first 48 months of life of an infant.
d. The conception of Mahler’s theory was based on her observation of the behaviors of disturbed children interacting with their mothers.
c. Psychological birth takes place during the first 48 months of life of an infant.
Explanation:
36 months or 3 years
This developmental stage in the process of achieving individuation was likened by Mahler with a completely unhatched bird egg who relies on the food supply enclosed in its shell
a. Rapprochement
b. Normal Symbiosis
c. Normal autism
d. Separation-individuation
c. Normal autism
Jessica when asked why is it raining, she responds that it’s raining because the sky is sad. In what stage of Piaget’s cognitive development is Jessica in?
a. Sensorimotor
b. Preoperational
c. Concrete operational
d. Formal operational
b. Preoperational
The following situations reflect the characteristics of formal operational thought, except:
a. Jaime believes that his high school friends will be his friends until his sunset years.
b. Lisa believes she can be a good engineer as she does well in mathematics.
c. Jose fears that if he would have a bad high school record, he might not be able to get into the university he’s desiring.
d. Criza understands that the statement “all people are equal before the law” is logically inconsistent.
a. Jaime believes that his high school friends will be his friends until his sunset years.
Julio, a 4-year-old boy calls his grandmother over the phone to talk to her about his zoo experience. While he is narrating his experience, he keeps on pointing at the objects in the room as if he’s pointing at the animals in the zoo. This reflects:
A. Egocentrism in the sensorimotor stage
B. Egocentrism in the preoperational stage
C. Decentering in the preoperational stage
D. Decentering in the concrete operational stage
B. Egocentrism in the preoperational stage
Piaget extends the application of cognitive development to moral reasoning. Which among the situations reflect autonomous morality?
a. The child believes that a person who stole money from his dad’s pocket despite being told not to do that should be punished more that the person who vandalized the white wall of a barangay hall.
b. The child believes that a person who vandalized the white wall of a barangay hall should be punished more that the person who stole money from his dad’s pocket despite being told not to do that.
c. The child believes that both persons reflected in the situation above should punished equally.
d. A child believes that both persons reflected in the situation above should not be punished.
a. The child believes that a person who stole money from his dad’s pocket despite being told not to do that should be punished more that the person who vandalized the white wall of a barangay hall.
Neo-Piagetians believed that Piaget’s stage-oriented mental structures were too general. They claim that Piaget failed to take into account the idea of brain maturation, and as well as presence of instruction and practice that can advance children’s reasoning. Because of this, they conceptualized:
A. Theory of central conceptual structures
B. Theory of post-formal reasoning
C. Theory of mind
D. Theory of Organizational Strategies
A. Theory of central conceptual structures
Karen, despite being obese doesn’t believe that she’s one. Her parents also believe that Karen’s weight is considered normal. The behavior of Karen and her parents is called:
a. Delusion
b. Oblivobesity
c. Hallucination
d. Normal reaction
b. Oblivobesity
Maria lived in an area where poverty is very high. She grew up so skinny and did not have the opportunity for quality education. What influence on development is being displayed in the situation?
A. History-graded influences
B. Age-graded influences
C. Sociocultural-graded influences.
D. Nonnormative life events.
C. Sociocultural-graded influences.
The experiential learning theory emphasizes the central role of experience in the learning process. ELT outlines two different ways in grasping experience. Which of the two talks about knowledge gained through reading or being taught about something?
A. Concrete experience
B. Abstract conceptualization
C. Active experimentation
D. Reflective observation
B. Abstract conceptualization
The experiential learning theory believes that individuals have their preferred ways of gaining and using knowledge. The theory calls them as learning styles. Which of the following situations reflect the learning style of assimilating?
A. Javi who likes to do field work, and to test out different approaches in completing a task.
B. Marge who likes to listen with an open mind and receive personalized feedback.
C. Chris who prefers readings and lectures.
D. Charity who prefers laboratory experiments and simulations.
C. Chris who prefers readings and lectures.
The experiential learning theory believes that individuals have their preferred ways of gaining and using knowledge. The theory calls them as learning styles. Who among them displays the learning style of diverging?
A. Javi who likes to do field work, and to test out different approaches in completing a task.
B. Marge who likes to listen with an open mind and receive personalized feedback.
C. Chris who prefers readings and lectures.
D. Charity who prefers laboratory experiments and simulations.
B. Marge who likes to listen with an open mind and receive personalized feedback.
Which among the following conceptions of death is aligned with preschool-aged children?
a. The believe that death can’t happen to them yet.
b. They believe that when someone dies, it’s like they’re just sleeping
c. They believe that they will die someday.
d. They believe that dying is unfair.
b. They believe that when someone dies, it’s like they’re just sleeping
Which among the following situations reflects the perspective of social role theorists on the influence of multiple roles on development?
a. Social role theorists believe that the more roles you play that more chaotic one’s development would be.
b. Social role theorists believe that participating in greater number of roles is normal, but results to negative experiencing of life
c. Social role theorists believe that assuming greater number of roles lead to expansion of one’s repertoire of role enactments
d. Social role theorists believe that it is completely normal for healthy individuals to assume multiple roles, as long as they are short-lived.
c. Social role theorists believe that assuming greater number of roles lead to expansion of one’s repertoire of role enactments
According to social role theorists, what is the first criterion for a healthy personality?
a. The individual is able to focus excellently on a single aspect of his/her life at a time.
b. The individual demonstrates an extension of the self.
c. The individual is able to sacrifice socializations for the sake of accomplishing long term goals
d. The individual is engaging in healthy competition among same role portrayed by him/her and another individual.
b. The individual demonstrates an extension of the self.
