Developmental psychology Flashcards
Theories of development
Development
Refers to the systematic chnages and continuities that individuals display over the course of their life
Theories of development
Maturation
The developmental changes in the body or behaviour that result from the ageing process
Theories of development
Learning
A developmental change in bheaviour from one’s experiences or practice
Gender development
Gender role standard
The pattern of behaviour expected of different sexes
Gender development
Gender role stereotypes
Often mistaken beliefs or perceptons within a society
Gender development
Gender typing
Socialisation processes by which a child becomes aware of being either a boy or a girl, then learning to behave appropriately to their gender role
Emotional development and temperament
Temperament
A tendency to respond in a certain way across situations
Attachment
Attachment phases (4 phases)
- Non focused orientation
- Focus on one or more figures
- Secure base behaviour
- Goal-corrected partnership
Attachment
Secure attachment
- Free to ecplore
- Ok with strangers if caregiver is present
- Easily comforted by caregiver
Attachment
Insecure - avoidant
- Appear to ignore caregiver
- Less distress at seperation
- Ok with strangers
Attachment
Insecure resistant
- Stay close to caregiver
- Very upset when caregiver left
- Seek proximity after seperation, however angry and resist physical contact
- Suspicious of strangers
Attachment
Insecure- disorganised
Not sure whether to approach or avoid characters
Understanding own and other’s minds
Theory of mind
The process by which we can predict and explain the behaviours of others based on what we understand their desires and beliefs to be
Understanding own and other’s minds
Metacognition
Knowledge of ones abilities in relation to thinking
Understanding own and other’s minds
Cognitive inhibition
Children under three are unable to inhibit specific thoughts and behaviours
