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3. DEV PSYCHOLOGY > DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCH > Flashcards

DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCH Flashcards

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1
Q

CHAPTER 1

Scientific study of processes of change and stability throughout the human life span.

A

Human development

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2
Q

CHAPTER 1

Concept of human development as a lifelong processes, which can be studied scientifically
- from womb to tomb

• Development can be either positive or negative
- toilet trained or wetting the bed

A

Life span development

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3
Q

CHAPTER 1

As the field of human development itself developed, its goals came to include ____, _____ , _____ and ____

A

Description
Explanation
Prediction
Intervention

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4
Q

CHAPTER 1 ( Domains of development)

  1. Growth of body and brain, including patterns of change in sensory capacities, motor skills and health.
  2. Pattern of change in mental abilities such as learning, attention, memory, langugage, thinking, reasoning and creativity
  3. Pattern of change in emotions, personality and social relationships
A

Physical development
Cognitive development
Psychosocial development

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5
Q

CHAPTER 1

Division of the lifespan into periods
• A concept or practice that may appear natural and obvious to those who accept it, but that in reality is an invention of a particular culture or society

A

Social construction

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6
Q

CHAPTER 1

  • Differences in characteristics, influences, or developmental outcomes
  • people differ in height, weight, gender and body build
A

Individual differences

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7
Q

CHAPTER 1

  1. In born traits or characteristics inherited from the biological parents
  2. Totality of nonhereditary or experiental or influences on development
  3. Unfolding of a natural sequence of physical and behavioural changes
A

Heredity
Environment
Maturation

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8
Q

CHAPTER 1 ( CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT)
1. Two generational kinship, economic and household unit consisting of one or two parents and their biological children, adopted children or stepchildren.

  1. Multigenerational kinship network of parents, children and other relatives, sometimes living together, a non extensive household
A

Nuclear family
Extended family

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9
Q

CHAPTER 1

  1. combination of economic and social factors describing an individual or family, including income, education and occupation
  2. Conditions that increase the likelihood of a negative developmental outcome
  3. A society or groups total way of life, including customs, traditions, beliefs, values, langugage, physical products-all learned behaviour passed from parents to children
A

Socioeconomic status (SES)
Risk factors
Culture

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10
Q

CHAPTER 1

  1. A group united by ancestry, race, religion, language or national origins, which contribute to a sense of shared identity
  2. Overgeneralization about an ethnic or cultural group that obsecures differences within the group ( Black, white or Hispanic)
A

Ethnic group
Ethnic gloss

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11
Q

CHAPTER 1

Characteristics of an event that occurs in a similar way for most people in a group

  • 2 types
A

Biological or environmental events
Historical generation

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12
Q

CHAPTER 1

BIOLOGICAL or ENVIRONMENTAL EVENTS

  1. Are highly similar for people in a particular age group. People don’t experience puberty at age 35
  2. Significant events (such as the Great depression or world war II) that shape the behavioral and attitudes of a historical generation
A

Normative age-graded influences
Normative history -graded influences

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13
Q

CHAPTER 1 (NORMATIVE)

A group of people strongly influenced by a major historical event during their formative period
- show a strong sense of social interpendence
- may contain more than one cohort

A

Historical generation

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14
Q

CHAPTER 1
Characteristics of an unusual event that happens to a particular person or typical event happens at an unusual time of life.
• _____
- are unusual events that have a major impact on individual lives because they disturb the expected sequence of the life cycle
- Death of a parent when child is young

A

Nonnormative
Nonnormative influences

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15
Q

CHAPTER 1

A group of people born at about the same time. Parts of historical generation only if they experience main shaping historical events at a formative point in their lives

A

Cohorts

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16
Q

CHAPTER 1

Instinctive form of learning in which, during a critical period in early development, a young animal forms an attachment to the first moving object it sees, usually the mother

A

Imprinting

17
Q

CHAPTER 1

Specific time when a given event or its absence has a specific impact on development.
- if a woman contracts a certain disease at certain times during pregnancy, the fetus may show specific ill effects, depending on the nature of the insult

A

Critical period

18
Q

CHAPTER 1

Range of modifiability of performance

A

Plasticity

19
Q

CHAPTER 1

Times in development when a person is particularly open to certain kinds of experiences

A

Sensitive periods

20
Q

CHAPTER 1 (ISSUE 1. Is development ACTIVE OR REACTIVE)

  • model the views human development as a series of predictable responses to stimuli.
  • to explain why some college students drink too much alcohol, a ___ theorist might look for environmental influences, such as advertising
A

Mechanistic model
Mechanistic theorist

21
Q

CHAPTER 2 ( ISSUE 1: Is development ACTIVE OR REACTIVE)

  • Model that views human development as internally initiated by an active orgnism and as occuring in a sequence of qualitatively different stages
  • an _____, in studying why some students drink too much, look at what kind of situations they choose to participate in and with whom.
    ( Do they choose friends who prefer to party or to study? )
A

Organismic model
Organismic theorist

22
Q

CHAPTER 2 ( ISSUES 2: Is development continous or discontinuous)
- is development continous that is gradual and incremental or discontinuous that is, abrupt or uneven

  1. Changes in number or amount such as height, weight, size of vocabulary or frequency of communication
  2. Discontinuous changes in kind, structure or organization
    - intelligence
A

Quantitative change
Qualitative change

23
Q

CHAPTER 1 ( THE LIFESPAN OF DEVELOPMENTAL APPROACH)

  1. Development is ___, lifelong process of change
  2. Development is ___, multiple interacting dimensions
  3. Development is ___, some abilities such as vocabulary often continue to increase throughout most of adulthood
  4. Relative influence of ___ and ___ shift over the life span
    - Muscular strength weaken with age
A

Lifelong
Multidimensional
Multidirectional
Biology and culture

24
Q

CHAPTER 1 (THE LIFE SPAN DEVELOPMENT APPROACH)

  1. Development involves changing resource ____. In old age, resources to regulation of loss
  2. Development shows ___, strength can be improved significantly with training and practice
  3. Development is influenced by the ___ and ___ context, significant cohort differences in intellectual functioning.
A

Allocations
Plasticity
Historical and cultural

3. DEV PSYCHOLOGY (3 decks)

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