Developmental neuroanatomy concepts & human brain development & evolution

Question 1

What components are in the basic plan of the brain? (all species)

Answer 1

1) Basal ganglia
2) Cerebral cortex
3) Olfactory bulb
4) Hypothalamus
5) Thalamus
6) Tectum
7) Tegmentum
8) Pons
9) Cerebellum
10) Medulla
11) Spinal chord.
BCOHTTTPCMS.

Question 2

What brain developmental stage is most conserved across species?

Answer 2

The early development of the brain

Question 3

What brain structure is unique to placentals? (marsupials and monotremes do not have this)

Answer 3

Corpus callosum.
…is the primary commissural region of the brain consisting of white matter tracts that connect the left and right cerebral hemispheres

Question 4

What is the general effect of domestication on brain development?

Answer 4

A relative reduction in brain size

Question 5

Where does adult neurogenesis happen in mammals? and humans specifically?

Answer 5

Mammals can only replace neurons in the olfactory bulb and hippocampus, neurogenesis does not occur anywhere else. Adult humans only have neurogenesis in the hippocampus, and not the olfactory bulb

Question 6

What brain structure changed significantly in size during human evolution?

Answer 6

The olfactory bulbs (became smaller).
Most other structures increased in size.