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developmental milestones Flashcards

1
Q

Newborn gross motor

A

Flexor tone predominates
Automatic reflex walking
Side to side head movement in prone
Rounded spine when placed in sitting

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2
Q

Newborn fine motor

A

grasp reflex
fisted hands
state-dependent ability to fix and follow bright object

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3
Q

Newborn personal/social

A

habituation
some control of state

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4
Q

Newborn speech & language

A

Cry
state-dependent quieting and head turning to rattle or voice

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5
Q

Newborn cognitive

A

Sensorimotor 0-24 months
Reflex stage

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6
Q

Newborn emotional

A

Basic trust vs mistrust
Symbiotic relationship – considers themself as one with their mother

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7
Q

4 months gross motor

A

head in midline
head is held when pulled to sitting
in prone head lifts 90 degrees and chest slightly lifts
turns to supine

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8
Q

4 months fine motor

A

hands mostly open
midline hand play
crude palmar grasp

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9
Q

4 months personal/social

A

recognizes bottle

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10
Q

4 months language & speech

A

laughs/squeals
blows bubbles and raspberries
responsive vocalization
turns to bell or voice consistently

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11
Q

4 months cognitive

A

circular reaction

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12
Q

4 months emotional

A

“lap baby” – basic trust

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13
Q

7 months gross motor

A

maintains sitting – may use arms for support
gives full weight; bounces when held erect
cervical lordosis
rolls to prone

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14
Q

7 months fine motor

A

intermediate grasp
transfers cube from hand to hand
bangs objects

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15
Q

7 months personal/social

A

differentiates stranger from familiar person
holds bottle
looks for dropped object
“talks” to mirror image

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16
Q

7 months language & speech

A

uses one word and double consonant vowel combos

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17
Q

7 months cognitive

A

none mentioned

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18
Q

7 months emotional

A

AT 5 MONTHS, individuation separation
has sense of belonging to a central person

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19
Q

10 months gross motor

A

creeps on all 4’s
stands momentarily
pivots in sitting
bow-legged
cruises
acute lumbar lordosis

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20
Q

10 months fine motor

A

pincer grasp
bangs two cubes together

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21
Q

10 months personal/social

A

plays peek-a-boo
finger feeds
chews in rotary motion

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22
Q

10 months language & speech

A

shouts for attention
uses mama and dada with meaning
imitates speech sounds
waves bye bye
inhibits behavior to “no”

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23
Q

10 months cognitive

A

can retrieve objects hidden from view

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24
Q

10 months emotional

A

practicing phase of separation-individuation
starts to initiate separation

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25
Q

14 months gross

A

walks alone with arms in high or mid guard position
foot contact is on entire sole
wide BOS with excessive hip and knee flexion
slight valgus of knee and foot
pelvic tilt and rotation

26
Q

14 months fine

A

stacks two cubes
casts objects
scribbles spontaneously
holds crayon in full length

27
Q

14 months personal/social

A

uses spoon with overpronation and spilling
removes garments

28
Q

14 months language and speech

A

uses single words
understands simple commands

29
Q

14 months cognitive

A

differentiates available behavioral patterns for new ends

30
Q

14 months emotional

A

rapprochement phase of separation-individuation; shows ambivalent behavior towards mother
autonomy vs. shame and doubt
pleasure in controlling muscles and sphincters
issue with holding on and letting go

31
Q

18 months gross

A

arms at low guard
mature supporting base and heel strike
can sit down by themself
walk backwards

32
Q

18 months fine

A

emerging hand dominance
holds butt of crayon in palm
spontaneously dumps raisin from bottle
crude release

33
Q

18 months personal/social

A

hugs and carries doll
imitates housework
drinks neatly from cup

34
Q

18 months speech & language

A

says “no”
jargons
names a body part that is pointed to
can name one picture

35
Q

18 months cognitive

A

capable of insight

36
Q

2 years gross

A

walks up and down stairs alone
starts running
jumps in place

37
Q

2 years fine

A

stack eight cubes
align cubes horizontally
imitates straight line
hand dominance is usual
holds pen between thumb and fingers
draws with arm and wrist motion

38
Q

2 years personal/social

A

toilet training usually starts
pulls garment
uses spoon well
feeds doll with bottle or spoon
opens door turning knob

39
Q

2 years language & speech

A

2 word phrases
refers to self as “me” “my” etc
uses verbs
refers to self by name
follows simple directions

40
Q

3 years gross

A

good at running
walks up stairs with alternating steps
broad jump
pedals tricycle

41
Q

3 years fine

A

3 cube bridge
copies circle
overhand throw with anteroposterior movement of trunk and arm
catches with extended arms hugging around body

42
Q

3 years personal/social

A

usually toilet trained day and night
pours pitcher
unbuttons shirt; washes and dries face and hands
parallel play
can take turns
can be reasoned with

43
Q

3 years speech & language

A

three word sentences are common
uses future tense
asks who what where
stutters in excitement
gives full name
identifies self as girl or boy
follows prepositional commands
recognizes three colors

44
Q

3 years cognitive

A

preoperational period continues
deferred imitation
symbolic play
verbal evocation of events

45
Q

3 years emotional

A

initiative vs guilt
deals with issue of genital sexuality

46
Q

4 years gross

A

hops on one leg
goes down stairs with alternate legs
plantar arch developing
sits up from supine without rotating

47
Q

4 years fine

A

uses pencil with hand and wrist motions like an adult
copies cross
draws frog-like person with head and extremities
throws underhand
cuts with scissors

48
Q

4 years personal/social

A

cooperative play
imaginative make believe play
dresses and undresses with supervision for front and back of clothing and buttons
does simple commands outside of home

49
Q

4 years speech & language

A

Gives connected account of recent experiences
asks when, why, how
uses past tense and adjectives and adverbs
knows opposite analogies
repeats 4 digits

50
Q

5 years gross

A

skips
tiptoes
balances for 10 seconds on each foot

51
Q

5 years fine

A

hand dominance is expected
draws man with face, trunk, and limbs
throws with diagonal arm and body
catches with hands

52
Q

5 years personal/social

A

creative play
competitive play
self sufficient in toileting
can change by themself except tying shoes
uses fork to stab food
brushes teeth

53
Q

5 years speech & language

A

fluent speech
names nouns based on by composition, classification, or use
gives name, address, age
follows three-part commands
has number concepts to 10

54
Q

5 years emotional

A

industry vs inferiority
adjusts himself to inorganic laws of tool world

55
Q

6 years gross

A

roller skates
rides bike

56
Q

6 years fine

A

prints alphabet; letter reversals still acceptable
mature catch & throw of ball

57
Q

6 years social/personal

A

teacher is important authority
uses fork appropriately
uses knife for spreading
plays table games

58
Q

6 years speech & language

A

master of grammar
proper articulation

59
Q

6 years emotional

A

industry vs inferiority continues

60
Q

7 years gross

A

continuing refinement of skills

61
Q

7 years personal/social

A

eats c fork and knife
combs hair
responsible for grooming

62
Q

7 yrs cognitive

A

period of concrete operational though (7 yrs-adolescence)
capable of logical thinking

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