Developmental Designs Flashcards
What is developmental research?
- the study of change over time
Does age cause change?
- does not cause the change
- the variables associated with age cause the change
What is longitudinal design?
- observe the same individuals as they develop
What are 3 advantages of a longitudinal design?
- same participants at each time point
- link early experiences with later development
- study individual differences in development
What are 5 disadvantages of the longitudinal design?
- Time consuming
- Expensive
- Selective drop out
- Repeated testing
- Cofounds age with time of measurement
what is a cross-sectional design?
Study different age groups at the same time
What is an advantage of cross-sectional design?
- faster and easier
What are some disadvantages of a cross-sectional design?
- selection bias
- difficult to measure equivalence for different age groups
- confounds age with cohort
What design was the NICHD study?
longitudinal design
What is attrition or selective dropout?
- losing participants during the study
What is a cohort?
- a generation of people who grew up at the same time
What is a time lag design?
- study people who are the same age at different points in history
- ex. 1980, 1990, 2000
What is a sample?
- is a group of people that are picked from a population
What is a population?
- the defined group of individuals from which a sample is drawn from
What are the 3 sampling methods?
- simple random sample
- stratified random sample
- convenience sample
What is the name for a sample where all individuals in population have an equal probability of being sampled?
simple random sample
What is the name for the sample where the population is divided into groups and there are random samples within them?
Stratified random sample
What is a convenience sample?
-Non-probability sampling
What is the most common sampling method?
Convenience sample
What is non-response bias?
unsure voters did not respond
What is oversampling?
greater than the actual respond
What is nonprobability sampling?
- does not specify the probability that any member of the population will be in the sample
