Developmental Aspects of Lung Disease Flashcards
Name the stages of lung development
Embryonic Pseudoglandular Canalicular Saccular Alveolar
What happens in Embryonic stage?
Trachea and oesophagus form
What happens in Pseudoglandular stage?
Main bronchi and terminal bronchioles form
What happens in Canalicular stage?
Respiratory bronchioles and surfactant form
What happens in Saccular stage?
Sacs for gas exchange form, such as alveolar sacs
Possible for a child to be prematurely born
What happens in Alveolar stage?
Alveoli form, with properties for gas exchange
List the order of the formation of respiratory tract airways
Main bronchi - bronchioles - terminal bronchioles - respiratory bronchioles - alveolar ducts - alveolar sacs
List upper trachea-bronchial diseases
Tracheal agenesis
Tracheal stenosis
Tracheomalacia
Trachea-oesophageal fistula
Explain tracheal agenesis
The absence or underdevelopment of trachea
Explain tracheal stenosis
The narrowing of trachea
Explain tracheomalacia
The trachea tissue is softened and requires harder work on expiration because it is narrower
Leads to barking cough, recurrent croup, stridor/wheeze, breathlessness on exertion
Explain trachea-oesophageal fistula
There’s a connection between the trachea and oesophagus
Leads to choking, vomiting, air in stomach, colour change
List lower broncho-pulmonary diseases
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia CPAM - congenital pulmonary airway malformation Lung agenesis Bronchogenic cyst Pulmonary hypoplasia
Explain lung agenesis
Absence of lung tissue
Explain CPAM
Non-functioning lung tissue
