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Paediatrics > Developmental Anomalies > Flashcards

Developmental Anomalies Flashcards

1
Q

What are the teeth most likely to be affected by hypodontia?

A

Mandibular premolars
Maxillary lateral incisors

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2
Q

What conditions are associated with hypodontia?

A

Ectodermal dysplasia
Down syndrome
Cleft palate
Hurler’s syndrome
Incontinentia pigmentii

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3
Q

What teeth are least likely to be affected by hypodontia?

A

First permanent molars
Upper central incisors

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4
Q

What problems can be associated with hypodontia?

A

Overeruption of opposing teeth

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5
Q

How can you manage hypodontia?

A

Removable prosthesis
Orthodontics
Porcelain veneers
Crowns and bridges
Preventative treatment to prevent them from losing further teeth due to disease

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6
Q

What are the aims of managing hypodontia?

A

Prevention
Aesthetics
Function

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7
Q

What are the 4 types of supernumerary teeth?

A

Conical (cone shaped)
Tuberculate (barrel shaped, has tubercles)
Supplemental (looks like normal tooth but in addition to the series)
Odontome (irregular mass of dental hard tissue, compound or complex)

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8
Q

Name 4 anomalies of size and shape of teeth.

A

Microdont (small teeth)
Macrodontia (larger teeth)
Double teeth
–gemination (one tooth splits into 2)
–fusion (two teeth join to form 1)
Odontomes (anomaly of size and shape)
Taurodontism (pulps look like bull horns)
Dilaceration (crown or root)
Accessory cusps

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9
Q

What is dens in dentate?

A

Anomaly that is an invagination on teeth which have their own pulp system
Tooth within a tooth

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10
Q

What are the 4 different types of amelogensis imperfecta?

A

Hypoplastic
Hypocalcified
Hypomaturational
Mixed forms

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11
Q

What does hypomineralised enamel look like?

A

Normal teeth with marks on them
Can appear as white, brown or yellow patches

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12
Q

What has went wrong in hypomineralised enamel?

A

Correct thickness
The enamel matrix secretory phase has completed with no problems
The mineralisation phase has gone wrong and results in parts being abnormal

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13
Q

How do you treat hard tissue defects?

A

Micro abrasion therapy
Veneers
Vital bleaching

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14
Q

What is hypoplastic amelogenesis imperfecta?

A

Enamel crystals do not grow to the correct length

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15
Q

What is hypomineralised amelogenesis imperfecta?

A

Crystallites fail to grow in thickness and width

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16
Q

What is hypomaturational amelogenesis imperfecta?

A

Enamel crystals grow incompletely in thickness or width but to normal length with incomplete mineralised

17
Q

How do you diagnose amelogenesis imperfecta?

A

Family history
Generally affects both dentitions
Affects all teeth
Tooth size, structure, colour
Radiographs
–fail to see obvious change between enamel and dentine

18
Q

What problems can occur with amelogenesis imperfecta?

A

Sensitivity
Caries/acid susceptibility
Poor aesthetics
Poor OH
Delayed eruption
Anterior open bite

19
Q

What are the solutions for amelogenesis imperfecta?

A

Preventative therapy
Composite veneers/composite wash
Fissure sealants
Metal onlays/ ceramic onlays
Orthodontics

20
Q

What does dentine dysplasia present as?

A

Normal crown morphology
Amber radiolucency
Pulpal obliteration
Short constricted roots

21
Q

What does odontodysplasia present as?

A

Localised arrest in tooth development
Thin layers of enamel and dentine
Large pulp chambers

22
Q

What does the diagnosis of dentinogenesis imperfecta involve?

A

Appearance
Family history
Associated osteogenesis imperfecta (multiple bone fractures)
Both dentitions affected
Radiography
–bulbous crowns
–obliterated pulps
Enamel loss

23
Q

What can contribute to premature eruption of teeth?

A

High birth weight
Precocious puberty
Natal/neonatal teeth

24
Q

What can contribute delayed eruption of teeth?

A

Pre-term and low birth-weight children
Malnutrition
Associated general conditions
–Downs
–Hypothyroidism
–Hypopituitarism
–Cleidocranial dysplasia

Paediatrics (13 decks)

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