Development of the Nervous System

Question 1

The diencephalon becomes what adult brain structure and what neural canal region?

Answer 1

Thalamus, hypothalamus and a few other things

Third ventricle

Question 2

The mesencephalon give rise to what adult brain structure and what neural canal region?

Answer 2

Brain stem: midbrain

Cerebral aqueduct

Question 3

The metencephalon gives rise to what adult brain structure and what neural canal region?

Answer 3

Pons and cerebellum

Fourth ventricle

Question 4

Prosencephalon is what part of the brain?

Answer 4

Forebrain

Question 5

Mesencephalon is what part of the brain?

Answer 5

Midbrain

Question 6

Rhombencephalon is what part of the brain?

Answer 6

Hindbrain

Question 7

The primary brain vesicle prosencephalon gives rise to what 2 secondary brain vesicles?

Answer 7

Telencephalon and diencephalon

Question 8

The primary brain vesicle mesencephalon gives rise to what secondary brain vesicle?

Answer 8

Mesencephalon

Question 9

The primary brain vesicle rhombencephalon becomes what 2 secondary brain vesicles?

Answer 9

Metencephalon and myelencephalon

Question 10

The telencephalon becomes what adult brain structure and what adult neural canal region?

Answer 10

Cerebrum: cerebral hemispheres

Lateral ventricles

Question 11

The myelencephalon gives rise to what adult brain structure and what neural canal region?

Answer 11

Brain stem: medulla oblongata

Fourth ventricle

Question 12

What connects a lateral ventricle to the third ventricle?

Answer 12

Interventricular foramen or foramen of Monroe

Question 13

What connects the third ventricle to the fourth ventricle?

Answer 13

Cerebral aqueduct

Question 14

The mantle layer will become what part of the spinal cord?

Answer 14

Grey matter of the spinal cord

Question 15

The marginal layer will become what part of the spinal cord?

Answer 15

White matter of the spinal cord

Question 16

The basal plates will form what part of the spinal cord?

Answer 16

Ventral (motor) horns; also intermediate horns (presynaptic sympathetic nerve cell bodies) that will only be from T1-L2/3

Question 17

The alar plates will form what part of the spinal cord?

Answer 17

Dorsal (sensory) horns

Question 18

Gliablasts that migrate to the marginal layer differentiate into what?

Answer 18

Astrocytes

Question 19

Gliablasts that migrate to the mantle layer differentiate into what?

Answer 19

Oligodendroglia

Question 20

What do astrocytes do?

Answer 20

They are interfacing cells between the blood supply and neurons themselves, aiding in neuron support and metabolism

Question 21

What do oligodendroglia do?

Answer 21

They are responsible for producing the myelin sheath found on nerve fibers (axons) within the CNS

Question 22

What do Schwann cells do?

Answer 22

They are responsible for myelinating axons within the CNS

Question 23

What do microglia do?

Answer 23

These are the phagocytic cells of the CNS

Question 24

What is the innervation of the nerve modality (general) somatic efferent?

Answer 24

Somatic striated muscles (skeletal muscles that contract voluntarily except for those derived from the pharyngeal arches)

Question 25

What is the innervation of the nerve modality special visceral (brachial) efferent?

Answer 25

Striated (skeletal) muscles derived from the pharyngeal arches, except for CN XI

Question 26

What is the innervation of the nerve modality General visceral efferent?

Answer 26

AKA the autonomic nervous system

Question 27

What is the innervation of the nerve modality (general) somatic afferent (general sensory)?

Answer 27

General sensations such as touch, temperature & pain

Question 28

What is the innervation of the nerve modality special afferent?

Answer 28

Special sense (taste, smell, vision, hearing & balance)

Question 29

What is the innervation of the nerve modality general visceral afferent?

Answer 29

Interoceptive information

Question 30

The medulla contains what nerve modalities?

Answer 30

All six

Question 31

The pons contain what nerve modalities?

Answer 31

All six

Question 32

The midbrain contains what nerve modalities?

Answer 32

Only somatic efferent and general visceral efferent