Development of the Kidney Flashcards
What are the 3 stages of kidney development?
- pronephros (3-4 weeks)
- mesonephros (4weeks-2months)
- metanephros (5 weeks-maturity)
The kidneys develop from the _____ _____ within the _____ _____, a tissue that runs laterally and ventrally to the dorsal aorta lengthwise along the coelom of the embryo.
nephrogenic cord, urogenital ridge
The pronephros and mesonephros start as a clump of cells called
nephrotomes
The nephrotomes vesiculate and join to form the _____ _____
mesonephric duct
The mesonephric duct grows _____ to join with the developing _____
caudally, cloaca
After the mesonephric duct joins with the cloaca, it is called the _____ duct
Wolffian
While the mesonephric duct is crucial in development of hte kidney, it eventually becomes ____ in males and ____ in females
part of the male reproductive system and degenerates in females
The vesicular tubules of the pronephros ____ by approximately 4 weeks
degenerate and disappear
In lower vertebrates such as many species of fish, the _____ functions for the entire lifetime of the animal as the kidney.
mesonephros
Metanephros typically develops in land-dwelling vertebrates
What is the mullerian duct or paramesonephric duct?
It is a duct that develops from an invagination of the coelom wall that runs along most of the length of the Wolffian body to also join with the cloaca. This duct is the duct from which the oviducts and uterus develop in females. This duct degenerates in males
The metanephros begins as a tiny bud of epithelial cells from a portion of the mesonephric duct where it joins with the _____. This bud is called the _____ bud
Cloaca, ureteric
The ureteric bud is enveloped by a small region of cells called the _____ _____.
Metanephric blastema
During development, the ureteric bud will grow lengthwise and branches will develop within the tissue of the _____ _____ to initially form the ____ and the regions of the renal pelvis and major and minor calyces.
metanephric blastema, ureter
What are malpighian pyramids?
The regions of developing epithelia from the ureteric bud that will eventually line the calyces generate a series of epithelial-lined out-growths as tubules that run roughly parallel to each other from the medulla into the cortical regions of the kidney. These tubules are called malpighian pyramids.
The ureteric bud branches during kidney development in several stages to give rise to what?
Ureters
Renal pelvis
Calyces
Collecting ducts
Collecting tubules
The epithelia of the malpighian pyramids become the ____ _____. They branch and give rise to short branching tubules that become the ____ _____.
collecting ducts, collecting tubules
What is the metanephric spheroid?
It is a cluster of metanephric mesodermal cells that is at the tips of the collecting tubules (originating from the metanephric blastema)
The metanephric spheroids vesiculate to form a _____ _____.
Metanephric vesicle
What is the metanephric tubule?
The metanephric vesicle elongates and forms a short tubule which folds in on itself in the shape of the letter āSā. This is the metanephric tubule which eventually forms the rest of the epithelium of the nephron
When does the blood supply of the kidneys develop?
During the development and elaboration of the tissues derived from the ureteric bud, the renal artery and vein begins to supply the developing metanephric blastema. These branch in between the malpighian pyramids as the intralobar vessels, giving rise to the arcuates, interlobular vessels, the glomerular capillaries, efferent arterioles, and vasa recta.
What is the urogenital sinus?
The cloaca is where the hindgut and developing mesonephric duct and allantois all join. When the hindgut leaves the cloaca, the two separate structures are now the urogenital sinus and the rectum.
The kidney proper develops from the _____ _____
ureteric bud
