DEVELOPMENT OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

Question 1

The digestive system consists of the;

Answer 1

mouth (oral cavity); pharynx, esophagus, stomach; and small intestine; colon and cecum; rectum; anal canal; and the liver,
pancreas, and salivary glands.

Question 2

is derived from stomodaeum, a depression of surface ectoderm cranial to the pharynx.

Answer 2

Formation of Oral Cavity

Question 3

The structures associated with the oral cavity

Answer 3

lips, gums, teeth, tongue and
salivary glands.

Question 4

cleft palate caused by failure of the median palatine process (primary palate) and the lateral palatine processes (secondary palate) to close along the midline,
leaving a gap or cleft.

Answer 4

Palatoschisis

Question 5

Caudal third of the secondary
palate does not ossify and become the

Answer 5

soft palate

Question 6

derived from the stomodeal ectoderm.

Answer 6

Lips and Gum

Question 7

forms along the upper and lower jaws.

Answer 7

labiogingival lamina,

Question 8

invaginates to form dental bud.

Answer 8

dental lamina

Question 9

Each bud assumes a cup-shaped configuration becoming an

Answer 9

enamel organ

Question 10

The lamina invaginates into
underlying ectomesenchyme, forming a

Answer 10

labiogingival groove

Question 11

Ectomesenchyme three layers;

Answer 11

outer cells of dental sac
middle layer of dental sac
inner cells of the sac

Question 12

Tongue develops from four swellings

Answer 12

(2 distal, 1 median and 1 proximal tongue swellings)

Question 13

bulge).The root of the tongue is formed by the

Answer 13

proximal swelling or copula

Question 14

are derived from stomodeal ectoderm or pharyngeal endoderm

Answer 14

Salivary glands

Question 15

The foregut becomes flattened or compressed laterally and presents in sequence 5 bilateral outpocketings of its endoderm to form the

Answer 15

pharyngeal pouches

Question 16

A midline evagination of the floor of the pharynx gives rise to the

Answer 16

laryngotracheal groove

Question 17

MALFORMATIONS OF PHARYNGEAL POUCHES

Answer 17

Brachial cyst
Brachial sinus
Brachial fistula

Question 18

epithelial-lined brachial cavity that does not open unto the skin surface. (no opening)

Answer 18

Brachial cyst

Question 19

epithelial-lined brachial cavity that opens unto the skin surface or into the pharyngeal pouch. (one opening).

Answer 19

Brachial sinus

Question 20

epithelial-lined brachial cavity that opens to both the skin surface and the pharyngeal pouch. (two openings).

Answer 20

Brachial fistula

Question 21

develops from a tubular segment of the Foregut, Caudal to the
Pharynx. Its principal morphogenic development is elongation.

Answer 21

Esophagus

Question 22

is present in most domestic mammals. This develops from a tubular segment of foregut caudal to the esophagus.

Answer 22

Simple Stomach

Question 23

consists of three compartments (rumen, reticulum, and omasum)
and one glandular compartment (abomasum). Early development of the ruminant stomach is the same as the simple stomach.

Answer 23

Ruminant Stomach

Question 24

develops as an expansion of the fundus.

Answer 24

rumen

Question 25

A caudoventral pocket of the developing rumen forms the

Answer 25

reticulum

Question 26

develops as a bulge (ventral sac) along the lesser curvature.

Answer 26

omasum

Question 27

the terminal part of the hindgut, a chamber that communicates with the digestive, urinary and genital systems.

Answer 27

cloaca

Question 28

the depression of the surface ectoderm under the root of
the tail and is the counterpart of stomodeum in the oral region.

Answer 28

proctodeum

Question 29

an appendix-like remnant of the yolk stalk that persist, may cause
inflammation and rupture resulting in colic with peritonitis.

Answer 29

1. Meckel’s diverticulum

Question 30

a lack of epethilial canalization and gut wall development.

Answer 30

2. Atresia of the jejunum, ileum, colon, rectum

Question 31

failure of anal membrane to break and remain patent . Caused by lack of involution of the cloacal membrane and leads to fetal feed impaction.

Answer 31

3. Atresia ani or imperforate anus

Question 32

abnormal developed of urorectal folds that allows communication
between the rectum and urogenital sinus.

Answer 32

4. Urorectal Fistula

Question 33

muscular defect in the umbilical that allows abdominal organs to
protrude through the umbilical underneath the skin. Maybe inherited.

Answer 33

5.Umbilical hernia