Development of the brain Flashcards
there are initially 3 vesicles name them?
prosencephalon, mesencephalon, rhombencephalon
these vesicles need to bend to fit the skull, name the bends?
cervical fissure (between the spinal cord and the rhombencephalon) and the cephalic flexure (between the rhombencephalon and the mesencephalon)
the rhombencephalon splits into the?
metencephalon and myelencephalon
the prosencephalon splits into the?
telencephalon and diencephalon
the 4th ventricle comes form? the 3rd ventricle comes from?, the two lateral ventricles come from? What ventricle is missing from here?
the rhombencephalon. the diencephalon. from the telencephalon. the mesenephric aqueduct of silvias
the purpose of the ventricular system is?
to produce CSF whoch fills the ventricles and the sub arachnoid space
the brain stem is made of 3 parts, name them
medulla oblongata (from the myencephalon), the pons (metencephalon), the mesencephalon
the location of the cerebellum compared to the brain stem is? It comes from?
it is dorsal to the brain stem, it comes from the myencephalon
where is 4th ventricle ?
between the brain stem and the cerebellum
how many cranial nerves are located in the brain stem?
10 out 12
what are the 7 territories of the brain?
somatic, visceral, special visceral, special somatic sensory, somatic/brachial/visceral motor
what undergoes the book like opening?
the rhombencephalon, the metencephalon fully opens and the mylenephalon partially opens
the basal plates and alar plates change direction from what to what? This opening causes the formation of?
ventral and dorsal to medial and lateral. it causes the formation of ventricle 4th
the roof palate if the 4th ventricle connects with the?
pia mater and this forms the tele coroidea where the CSF will be synthesized
most of the specific nuclei of the brain stem derive from which plate?
the alar plate
does the mesencephalic vesicle undergo the book like opening ?
no, the alar and basal plates fragment, the cavity shrinks ans becomes the aqueduct of silvias
the aqueduct of silvias is the connection between?
the 4th and 3rd ventricle
where does the tectum of the midbrain form?
dorsal to the midbrain
the metencephalis vesicle and the mylencephalic vesicle open how?
the metencephalic vesicle opens to along the whole length, th mylencephalon opens only in the rostral region
where is CSF made?
chordoid plexuses in the ventricles of th brain
how is the tele choroidea formed?
the roof plate is stretched and becomes a very thin atrophic tissue forming ependymal layer, the overlying pia mater fuses with this ependymal layer
the CSF is a filtrate of blood, where is the blood filtered?
the pia mater gets heavily vascularized and forms a capillary glomeruli that etend into the ventricular cavity
what is the coroid plexus?
is the region of the tele coroidea where the capillary glomeruli protrude into the ventricular cavity
where does the cerebellum come from?
it derives form the alar plate of the metencephalic vesicle and it is found behind the brain stem, it covers the roof of the 4th ventricle
the components of the cerebellum are?
the medial part called VERMIS and the 2 lateral cerebellar hemispheres. it is divided into 3 lobes: anterior, posterior, flocculonodular lobes.
the flocculonodular is made of?
a cortex which has both white and gray matter, and gray matter from which deep cerebellar nuclei form
the telencephalon divides into?
the telencephalic hemispheres
what happens to the telencephalic vesicles?
they grow and bend superiorly and move towards theoccipital bone and acquire a C shaped appearance to cover the diencephalon
the 3rd ventricle is contained in the?
diencephalon
The thalamus and the hypothalamus come from
The diencephalon (alar plate forms thalamus and basal plate forms the hypothalamus)
The area above the sulcus limitans is the thalamus and what is the metathalamus
They are 2 regions beside the thalamus on th3 right and left
Talk about the subthalamus
It is lateral and posterior to the thalamus and is connected to the midbrain
What is the Tele coroidea and the epithalamus
The anterior roof of diencephalon becomes very thin and and forms the Tele coroidea which contains the coroid vessels. The posterior roof palate becomes the epithalamus (pineal gland comes from here)
