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Embryology > Development of digestive system > Flashcards

Development of digestive system Flashcards

1
Q

Gut tube is formed from rolling of…

A

endoderm

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2
Q

Tube on top of a tube refers to…

A

Neural tube superior to gut tube

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3
Q

Lateral folding is seen in what section

A

Horizontal/transverse

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4
Q

Cephalocaudal folding is seen in what sections

A

Sagital

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5
Q

Movement of amnionic cavity pinching and closing yolk sac

A

lateral folding

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6
Q

ANT and POST lateral folding’s fuze, but mid do not. T or F

A

True

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7
Q

End of lateral and cephalocaudal folding creates…

A

Lung bud, liver bud, Foregut, midgut, hindgut, allantois

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8
Q

Known as the 3rd/extra embryonic membrane.

A

Allantois (extends from hindgut) Collect waste

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9
Q

Clinical condition: Heart outside the thorax

A

Ectopia cordis

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10
Q

Clinical condition: Intestines herniate through abdominal wall.

A

Gastroschisis

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11
Q

Clinical condition: Failed closure in pelvic region.

A

Bladder exstrophy

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12
Q

Clinical condition: Bladder, rectum, and anal canal exposed due to failed closure of pelvic region.

A

Cloacal exstrophy

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13
Q

Foregut gives rise to

A

esophagus, stomach, liver and pancreas

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14
Q

Midgut gives rise to

A

duodenum, jejunum, ileum, ascending colon

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15
Q

Hindgut gives rise to

A

transverse colon to cloacal membrane

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16
Q

What does the endoderm give rise to?

A

epithelial lining of digestive tract
secretory cells of exocrine and endocrine cells of pancreas

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17
Q

what does the visceral mesoderm give rise to?

A

Glands, muscle, connective tissue, and other gut all components.

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18
Q

Temporary closer of foregut, sealing primitive oral cavity and pharynx)

A

Oropharyngeal membrane

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19
Q

Primitive oral cavity

A

Stomodeum

20
Q

When does the oropharyngeal membrane rupture?

A

4th week

21
Q

Between rectum and upper part of anal canal

A

Cloacal membrane

22
Q

Proctodeum

A

Separates upper and lower anal canal

23
Q

When does the cloacal membrane break down creating anal opening?

A

7th week

24
Q

Respiratory diverticulum/ lung bud forms when

A

4 weeks old

25
Q

Separating lung bud from dorsal part of foregut (pharynx)

A

Tracheoesophageal septum

26
Q

Lungs, esophagus and stomach develop at the same time. T or F

A

False. Lungs and esophagus do, but the stomach develops in rotational stages

27
Q

Rotation of the stomach along the longitudinal axis creates…

A

curvatures

28
Q

Rotation of the stomach along antero-posterior axis creates…

A

fundus and pylorus
greater omentum

29
Q

Shortly after the 2nd month, the duodenum transitions from being blocked to becoming open. This process is called…

A

Recanalization

30
Q

Hepatic diverticulum/ liver bud is formed from endodermal epithelium at what time?

A

Middle of the third week

31
Q

Tissue (mesodermal origin) presenting outside the liver bud is called…

A

Septum transversum

32
Q

The bile duct is formed by narrowing of…

A

hepatic diverticulum and foregut

33
Q

Bile duct gives rise to…

A

Gallbladder and cystic duct

34
Q

When is bile formed?

A

12th week

35
Q

Cystic duct and hepatic duct join to form…

A

common bile duct

36
Q

When do pancreatic islets (of langerhans) develop?

A

3rd month

37
Q

When does insulin secretion begin?

A

5th month

38
Q

Rapid elongation of the midgut and its mesentery forms…

A

primary intestinal loop

39
Q

What artery supplies the midgut?

A

Superior mesenteric artery

40
Q

During the 6th week, the primary intestinal loop and expansion of liver creates…

A

physiological herniation

41
Q

Failure of physiological herniation returning to the body cavity=

A

omphaloceles

42
Q

Layer of mesoderm separating allantois and hindgut

A

urorectal septum

43
Q

As the embryo grows, the urorectal septum and cloacal membrane bind. T or F

A

True

44
Q

Rectoperineal fistula

A

no connection to rectum in males

45
Q

Urorectal fistula

A

rectum to urethra not anal canal (males)

46
Q

Imperforate anus

A

no anus formed (females)

47
Q

Rectovaginal fistula

A

rectum to vagina

Embryology (3 decks)

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