Development of digestive system

Question 1

Gut tube is formed from rolling of…

Answer 1

endoderm

Question 2

Tube on top of a tube refers to…

Answer 2

Neural tube superior to gut tube

Question 3

Lateral folding is seen in what section

Answer 3

Horizontal/transverse

Question 4

Cephalocaudal folding is seen in what sections

Answer 4

Sagital

Question 5

Movement of amnionic cavity pinching and closing yolk sac

Answer 5

lateral folding

Question 6

ANT and POST lateral folding’s fuze, but mid do not. T or F

Answer 6

True

Question 7

End of lateral and cephalocaudal folding creates…

Answer 7

Lung bud, liver bud, Foregut, midgut, hindgut, allantois

Question 8

Known as the 3rd/extra embryonic membrane.

Answer 8

Allantois (extends from hindgut) Collect waste

Question 9

Clinical condition: Heart outside the thorax

Answer 9

Ectopia cordis

Question 10

Clinical condition: Intestines herniate through abdominal wall.

Answer 10

Gastroschisis

Question 11

Clinical condition: Failed closure in pelvic region.

Answer 11

Bladder exstrophy

Question 12

Clinical condition: Bladder, rectum, and anal canal exposed due to failed closure of pelvic region.

Answer 12

Cloacal exstrophy

Question 13

Foregut gives rise to

Answer 13

esophagus, stomach, liver and pancreas

Question 14

Midgut gives rise to

Answer 14

duodenum, jejunum, ileum, ascending colon

Question 15

Hindgut gives rise to

Answer 15

transverse colon to cloacal membrane

Question 16

What does the endoderm give rise to?

Answer 16

epithelial lining of digestive tract
secretory cells of exocrine and endocrine cells of pancreas

Question 17

what does the visceral mesoderm give rise to?

Answer 17

Glands, muscle, connective tissue, and other gut all components.

Question 18

Temporary closer of foregut, sealing primitive oral cavity and pharynx)

Answer 18

Oropharyngeal membrane

Question 19

Primitive oral cavity

Answer 19

Stomodeum

Question 20

When does the oropharyngeal membrane rupture?

Answer 20

4th week

Question 21

Between rectum and upper part of anal canal

Answer 21

Cloacal membrane

Question 22

Proctodeum

Answer 22

Separates upper and lower anal canal

Question 23

When does the cloacal membrane break down creating anal opening?

Answer 23

7th week

Question 24

Respiratory diverticulum/ lung bud forms when

Answer 24

4 weeks old

Question 25

Separating lung bud from dorsal part of foregut (pharynx)

Answer 25

Tracheoesophageal septum

Question 26

Lungs, esophagus and stomach develop at the same time. T or F

Answer 26

False. Lungs and esophagus do, but the stomach develops in rotational stages

Question 27

Rotation of the stomach along the longitudinal axis creates...

Answer 27

curvatures

Question 28

Rotation of the stomach along antero-posterior axis creates...

Answer 28

fundus and pylorus greater omentum

Question 29

Shortly after the 2nd month, the duodenum transitions from being blocked to becoming open. This process is called...

Answer 29

Recanalization

Question 30

Hepatic diverticulum/ liver bud is formed from endodermal epithelium at what time?

Answer 30

Middle of the third week

Question 31

Tissue (mesodermal origin) presenting outside the liver bud is called...

Answer 31

Septum transversum

Question 32

The bile duct is formed by narrowing of...

Answer 32

hepatic diverticulum and foregut

Question 33

Bile duct gives rise to...

Answer 33

Gallbladder and cystic duct

Question 34

When is bile formed?

Answer 34

12th week

Question 35

Cystic duct and hepatic duct join to form...

Answer 35

common bile duct

Question 36

When do pancreatic islets (of langerhans) develop?

Answer 36

3rd month

Question 37

When does insulin secretion begin?

Answer 37

5th month

Question 38

Rapid elongation of the midgut and its mesentery forms...

Answer 38

primary intestinal loop

Question 39

What artery supplies the midgut?

Answer 39

Superior mesenteric artery

Question 40

During the 6th week, the primary intestinal loop and expansion of liver creates...

Answer 40

physiological herniation

Question 41

Failure of physiological herniation returning to the body cavity=

Answer 41

omphaloceles

Question 42

Layer of mesoderm separating allantois and hindgut

Answer 42

urorectal septum

Question 43

As the embryo grows, the urorectal septum and cloacal membrane bind. T or F

Answer 43

True

Question 44

Rectoperineal fistula

Answer 44

no connection to rectum in males

Question 45

Urorectal fistula

Answer 45

rectum to urethra not anal canal (males)

Question 46

Imperforate anus

Answer 46

no anus formed (females)

Question 47

Rectovaginal fistula

Answer 47

rectum to vagina