development of attachments Flashcards

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1
Q

what is an attachment

A

an emotional bond between two individuals (infant and caregiver)

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2
Q

what did schaffer & emerson investigate

A

development of attachments

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3
Q

who were the pp

A

60 infants from working class families range from 5-23 weeks old

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4
Q

how often were the mothers visited

A

every 4 weeks

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5
Q

what did they report on

A

their childs responses to situations such as being left alone in a room
the intensity of the protest

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6
Q

how was the intensity ranked

A

scale

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7
Q

what else was measured

A

stranger anxiety

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8
Q

how was this measured

A

response to the interviewer

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9
Q

what were the results

A

the primary attachment was not who they spent the most time with but who was most sensitive to their needs

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10
Q

what % of infants primary attachment was the mother

A

65%

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11
Q

what % of infants primary attachment was the father

A

3%

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12
Q

what % of infants developed a secondary attachment within the first month of a primary attachment

A

29%

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13
Q

how many stages of attachment are there

A

4

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14
Q

what is stage 1

A

asocial
-0-2 months
-similar reactions to humans and toys
-prefer smiling face towards end

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15
Q

what is stage 2

A

indiscriminate attachments
-2-6 months
-prefer human company to toys
-distinguish familiar/unfamiliar
-no stranger anxiety

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16
Q

what is stage 3

A

discriminate attachments
-7-12 months
-primary attachment is formed
-separation anxiety from primary attachment
-stranger anxiety

17
Q

what is stage 4

A

multiple attachments
-1 year+
-wider circle of attachments
-eg. grandparents

18
Q

what are advantages of this study

A

high ecological validity

19
Q

what are disadvantages of this study

A

sample bias
demand characteristics
low population validity

20
Q

why are fathers less likely to be primary attachment

A

spend less time with them
lack emotional sensitivity

21
Q

what evidence supports this

A

heerman found men are less sensitive to infants cues

22
Q

what is the fathers role

A

more playful/fun/active

23
Q

what evidence supports this

A

geiger found mothers are more conventional and fathers are exciting to play with