Development key words

Question 1

Development

Answer 1

positive change that makes things better

Question 2

Development indicators

Answer 2

A method used to measure how developed a country or region is compared with others

Question 3

Brandt line

Answer 3

How the world was geographically split into richer and poorer nations

Question 4

HIC

Answer 4

high income countries

Question 5

MIC

Answer 5

middle income countries

Question 6

LIC

Answer 6

low income countries

Question 7

Mechanisation

Answer 7

when machines begin to do the work that humans once completed

Question 8

subsidy

Answer 8

money given by a government to help an industry keep down the costs of exports

Question 9

tax breaks

Answer 9

reduces the amount of tax a company must pay (normally for fixed period) therefore increasing profit

Question 10

trade unions

Answer 10

an organisation of work to protect the rights of those employed

Question 11

urbanisation

Answer 11

the movement of people from rural to urban areas (cities)

Question 12

rural-urban migration

Answer 12

the movement of people from rural areas (countryside) to urban areas (cities)

Question 13

push factors

Answer 13

things that make people want to leave an area e.g lack of jobs

Question 14

pull factors

Answer 14

things that attract people to live in an area e.g good health care

Question 15

megacity

Answer 15

a city with a population of over 10 million people

Question 16

inequalities

Answer 16

differences in wealth and wellbeing

Question 17

informal settlement

Answer 17

an area (often illegal) of poor-quality housing, often can lack basic services e.g water

Question 18

informal work/informal economy

Answer 18

jobs which aren’t taxed, and where the workers do not have contracts or rights

Question 19

favela

Answer 19

the Brazilian name for a shanty settlement

Question 20

transnational corporation

Answer 20

a company that operates across more than one country

Question 21

footloose

Answer 21

industries which are not tied to a location as they do not need access to natural resources, so they’re more flexible

Question 22

globalisation

Answer 22

the increased connectivity of countries around the world e.g through trade

Question 23

source country

Answer 23

the country where the headquarters for the TNC is located e.g a developed country

Question 24

host country

Answer 24

the country where the TNC places its factories/offices etc e.g in an emerging or developed country

Question 25

sanitation

Answer 25

measures to protect public health

Question 26

minimum wage

Answer 26

the lowest wage permitted by law in a country

Question 27

quality of life

Answer 27

a measure of how ‘wealthy’ people are, but measured using housing, employment and environment, rather than income

Question 28

imports

Answer 28

goods brought into a country

Question 29

exports

Answer 29

sending goods to another country for sale

Question 30

HDI (human development index)

Answer 30

A development measure which combines GDP per
capita, life expectancy and literacy rate.