Development Gross and Fine Motor Skills

Question 1

What gross motor skills are present:

Newborn to 1 month

Answer 1

Prone:

• Physiological flexion
• Lifts head briefly
• Head to side

Supine:

• Physiological flexion
• Rolls partly to side

Sitting:
- Head lag in pull to sit

Standing:
- Reflex standing and walking

Question 2

What gross motor skills are present:

2 to 3 months

Answer 2

Prone:

• Lifts head to 90 (briefly)
• Chest up in prone prop
• Rolls prone to supine

Supine:

• Strong ATNR
• Legs kick reciprocally
• Prefers head to side

Sitting:

• Head upright, bobbing
• Variable head lag in pull to sit
• Full support to sit

Standing:

• Poor weight bearing
• Hips in flexion, behind shoulders

Question 3

What gross motor skills are present:

4 to 5 months

Answer 3

Prone:

• Bears weight on extended arms
• Pivots in prone to reach toys

Supine:

• Rolls supine to side
• Plays feet to mouth

Sitting:

• Head steady in supported sitting
• Turns head in sitting position
• Sits alone for brief periods

Standing:
- Bears all weight through legs in supported standing

Question 4

What gross motor skills are present:

6 to 7 months

Answer 4

Prone:

• Rolls supine to prone
• Holds weight on one hand to reach for toy

Supine:
- Lifts head

Sitting:

• Lifts head, helps with pull to sit
• Gets to sit w/o help
• Sits independent

Mobility:
- May crawl backwards

Question 5

What gross motor skills are present:

8 to 9 months

Answer 5

Prone:
- Gets into hands-knees position

Supine:
- Does not tolerate supine

Sitting:

• Sit to prone
• Sits w/o hand support for long periods of time
• Pivots in sitting position

Standing:

• Stands at furniture
• Pulls to stand at furniture
• Lowers to sitting from supported standing

Mobility:

• Crawls forward
• Walks along furniture (cruising)

Question 6

What gross motor skills are present:

10 to 11 months

Answer 6

Standing:

• Stand w/o support briefly
• Pulls to stand
• Picks up object on floor from supported standing

Mobility:

• Walks with 1 or 2 hands held
• Creeps on hands and feet (bear walk)

Question 7

What gross motor skills are present:

12 to 15 months

Answer 7

• Walks w/o support
• Fast walk
• Walk sideways
• Creeps and hitches up stairs
• Throws ball in sitting

Question 8

What gross motor skills are present:

16 to 24 months

Answer 8

• Squats in play
• Walks backwards
• Walking upstiars w/ 1 hand on rail
• kicks ball
• throws ball

Question 9

What gross motor skills are present:

2 years

Answer 9

• Rides trike
• Walks on tiptoes
• Runs on toes
• Walks downstairs
• Catches large ball
• Hops on one foot